第一个
Landscape gardening architecture as one of four factors, is a unique architectural, both must satisfy building use function requirements, but also must satisfy the landscape of landscaping requirements, and closely integrated with gardens environment, with nature building types.
Architecture is improving, and beautify the people living environment facilities, is also the workers to rest, sightseeing and cultural recreation, with the increase of activities of landscape, garden architectural type also increasingly rich rise, mainly by the teahouse, dining-room, exhibition hall, sports venues etc, in order to meet the needs of their people.
(1) point scene: a scene with the natural scenery introject the combination, landscape architecture is often made the landscape of composition, or easily near main center of local kei chan or become observe, control the layout, landscape architecture in landscape composition has a tendency to the effect that make the finishing point.
(2) to admire the view: to admire the view as an ornamental garden scenery outside the place, a building often become picture tube points, while a group of buildings and covered corridor connected to become dynamic view panoramic ornamental thread. Therefore, the building toward, doors, Windows, position and size should consider to admire the view of requirements.
(3) guiding tour routes: garden architectural often are up by turn closing functions, while the line of sight of people reach somewhere beautiful landscape architecture, tour routes will naturally outspread, architectural often becomes sight guide's main goal. People often say that step king vary is this meaning.
(4) organization garden space: the landscape design space combination and layout is important content, often in a series of garden space change clever arrangement gives a person with art enjoyment, with building constitute the various forms of courtyard and covered corridor, tracery wall, round DongMen etc just is the organization space, differentiate space most ace section.
1, layout garden architectural layout to adjust measures to local conditions, qiao due to borrow, architectural planning location except consider functional requirements outside, want to be good at using terrain, combined with the natural environment, with nature.
2, blending landscape architecture should combine scene, to express the appeal, especially in classical gardens building, often with poetry union, strengthens appeal, achieve blending border.
3 in landscape architecture, the treatment of space, the dimensional processing, avoid axis to become, plastic layout, and strive to twists change, jagged strewn at random, the space is decorated should be flexible through space division, forming the size of the space increased administrative levels, contrast, expanding space.
4, modelling landscape architecture on modelling attach more importance to beautiful requirements, building shape, outline should have expressive, increase garden screen beauty, cubic construction, posture should be to the landscape harmonious and unified, modelling to behave landscape features, environment characteristics and local characteristics. Generally speaking, in modelling
第二个
The bird's nest, the national stadium (the "bird's nest") is the 2008 Beijing Olympic main stadium. By 2001 Bates grams Pulitzer prize winner herzog, demeilong with Chinese architects LiXingGang cooperate complete giant stadium design, forms as gives life "nest", it is more like a cradle, entrusts human hope for the future. The designers of the national stadium without doing any redundant processing, but frank structure, thereby exposing the natural formed architectural appearance.
The national stadium in 2003 on December 24, 2004 construction began on July 30 in design is adjusted and stoppage, December 27, is expected to recover construction completion in March 2008. Total engineering cost 22.67 billion yuan.
The "bird's nest" shape structure is mainly caused by a huge door type steel components, a total of 24 root trusses column. The national stadium building top angled saddle form, long axis for 332.3 m, short axis for 296.4 m, top height of 68.5 m, lowest height of 42.8 m.
Stadium the shell adopts can be used as filler of air cushion film, make housetop reached completely waterproof requirement, sunshine can cross the transparent roof satisfy indoor the lawn of the growth needs. When competition, the grandstand can be through various ways for change, and can satisfy different time audience quantity requirement, the Olympic Games, the 20,000 temporary seating distribution in the stadium of top, and can guarantee that everyone could see clearly the whole game. Entrance, export and crowd flow through streamline area rationally divided and design got perfect settled.
The bird's nest design embodies the humanistic care, bowl shape seating bathes pitch tuck-up structure, the lower between strewn at random have send, no matter the audience sitting position, and the game center which between the line of sight of distance in 140 meters. "Bird's nest" lower membrane using the sound-absorbing membrane materials, structural steel members in setting the sound-absorbing material, and field Beijing the 29th Olympic Games live inside the stadium nest use sound amplification system, this modlse three layer "special device" enable "nest" within the speech intelligibility benchmark index by 0.6 - this digital guarantee the audience sitting in any position can clearly listen to radio. "Bird's nest" related designers also use hydrodynamics design, simulate 91000 people at the same time the natural ventilation programme, let everyone in the audience can enjoy the same natural light and natural ventilation. The "bird's nest" of the audience, but also for the handicapped set up more than 200 wheelchair seating. These wheelchair seating than ordinary seating tallish, guarantee for disabled and general audience, has the same vision. Games, changnei will also provide for hearing AIDS and set up a wireless radio system, and has a hearing and visual impairment provide personalized service.
Many other architectural experts agree that the "bird's nest" will not only for the 2008 games, set up a unique historic landmark buildings, but in world architectural history will also groundbreaking significance, will be for the 21st century's China and the world architecture development provide historical testimony.
内容全部来源于网络收集，如有侵权，请联系网站删除：QQ号：24596024