一般现在时is/am/are +done
一般过去时was/were +done
一般将来时will be +done
过去将来时would be +done
现在进行时is/am/are being +done
过去进行时was/were being +done
现在完成时has/have been +done
过去完成时had been +done
被动语态的核心就是 be + done,但be 根据时态有各种变化!
含有双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时,有以下三种情形:
一、有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时,既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语),也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关)。比较:
He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
→ She was given some money.
→Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。
→ A watch was bought for her.
→She was bought a watch.
二、有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语,而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for):
Father made me a doll.
→ A doll was made for me.
He wrote her a letter.
→ A letter was written to her.
三、有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语,而将直接宾语用作保留宾语:
He answered me that question.
→ I was answered that question by him
主语是动作的接受者为被动语态
1)若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式,变为被动语态时,该不定式前要加"to".此类动词为感官动词.
feel,hear,help,listen to,look at,make,observe,see,notice,watch
The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
2)情态动词+ be +过去分词,构成被动语态.
Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.
主动形式表示被动意义
在need,require,want,worth (形容词),deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式.
The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired.
This room needs cleaning.这房间应该打扫一下.
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读.
be +动词过去分词
ain are happy for them, they keep their eyes o