few，a few，fewer和little，a little，less的区别和用法

总的来说，跟few和little有关的这些词都有“少”的意思。其中few，a few，fewer用来修饰可数名词，而little，a little，less用来修饰不可数名词。

“fewer”和“less”意思相同，都表示“更少的”，是比较级形式的形容词。它们的反义词都是“more”“更多的”。fewer是few的比较级，修饰可数名词；less是little的比较级，修饰不可数名词。

比如：fewer students 更少的学生   student可数，可以one student， two students

          less food 更少的食物 food不可数，前面不加数词。

few, a few, little 和 a little可以在一起比较区分。

他们的含义和用法情况如下表。

few表示“很少的，几乎没有的”，倾向于否定含义。跟apple这样的可数名词连用。

比如：There are few apples in the fridge. 冰箱里几乎没有苹果了。

a few表示“有一点”，倾向于肯定含义。跟apple这样的可数名词连用。

比如： There are a few apples in the fridge. 冰箱里还有几个苹果。

little表示“很少的，几乎没有的”，倾向于否定含义。跟milk这样的不可数名词连用。

比如：There is little milk in the fridge. 冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了。

a little表示“有一点”，倾向于肯定含义。跟milk这样的不可数名词连用。

比如：There is a little milk in the fridge. 冰箱里还有一点牛奶。

few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：  

1. few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有； 

a few表示有肯定意思， 有几个。 例如： 

He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 

他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。  

There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。  

2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。  

a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如： 

There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?  

我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？

补充内容：

第一种，按照可数与不可数分类。

可数的是：few和a few，比如说banana，apple啊这些可数的名词前面我们可以加这两个词，few bananas就是表示几乎没有香蕉啦，而a few bananas呢就是表示还有些香蕉。

few等同于not many，hardly any;a few等同于some、several、a small number of。

不可数的是：little和a little，用来修饰不可数名词，比如说salt，sugar，bread之类的，例如

little salt就是表示没有盐啦，而a little salt则可以表示还有一点盐的。

当然，可数和不可数名词种类还是挺多的，不止上面这些食品类的哦，只是举个例子，好理解一些。

第二种，按肯定与否定来分类。

肯定的是：a little和a few

否定的是：little和few

什么是肯定和否定呢，我们就需要通过几个例句来了解一下，我们可以拿比较著名的半杯水思维区分乐观和悲观的人来举个栗子。半杯水摆在我们面前，悲观的人会认为，杯子里几乎没有水了，就是:There is little water in the glass,而乐观的人会认为，太好了，还有水诶，就是:There is a little water in the glass.

再比如说，下面两个栗子。

（1）There are a few people in the playground.

（2）There are few people in the playground.

第一个句子表示，操场上还有些人，第二个句子表示操场上没有人。

但需要注意的是：

（1）当 few受 every, last, past, next, some, very等词所修饰时，表示肯定意义，few之前不再有冠词。如：

In the last few minutes, he checked up his paper again.

It took us some few days to repair the machine.

They are very few in number.

There were too few of them.

He goes to see his grandma every few weeks.

（2）在非正式英语中，一般很少用little，常用not much, only a little来代替，如：

We haven’t got much money / time.

1. (a) few和(a) little通常跟名词，然而也可以作为代词使用，例如
   

   It is a part of the world visited by few. （=few people）

   Do you want a chocolate? There's still a few left. (=a few chololates)

   Little is known about the painter's early life.

   'Do you know anything about car engines?' 'A little.' (=I know a little about car engines.)

2. quite a few=quite a large number，所以不是一点儿，而是很多，例：

   She's been away from work for quite a few weeks.

3. the few+一组物或人，the little+一组或一群中的部分时，表示数量不多，例：

   It's one of the few shops in the city centre where you can buy food.

   We should use the little time we have availabe to discuss Jon's proposal.

4. 可以用what few/little来替代the few/little，表示少量的，例如：

   She gave what little money she had in her purse to the man. （或...the little money...）

   What few visitors we have are always made welcome. （或者The few visitors...）

   当上下文语境已经表明了谈论的人或物时，可以省略few/little后面的名词。

5. 人称代词和these,those后面可以加few，很少用little，例如：

   I learned to play golf during my few days off during the summer.

   These few miles of motorway have taken over ten years to build.

6. 口语和非正式书写中，not many/much或only/just...a few/little表示很小的数量或数字，通常a bit (of)替代a little，例如：

   Sorry I haven't finished, I haven't had much time today. （比...I had little time...更合适）

   I won't be long. I've only got a few things to get. （比...I've got few things...更合适）

   Want a bit of chocolate? （比...a little chocolate?更合适）

7. 正式书写中，比如学术报告里，常用few和little，例如：

   The results take little account of personal preference. （比...don't take much...更合适）

Less (than)和fewer (than)

1. less+不可数名词，fewer+复数可数名词，例如：

   You should eat less pasta.

   There are fewer cars on the road today.

   有的时候口语对话中less后面会跟复数可数名词，比如less cars，然而语法上来说这是错误的。

2. less than+名词短语表数量，fewer than+名词短语表示一组人或物，例如：

   I used to earn less than a pound a week when I first started work.

   There were fewer than 20 students at the lecture. （或非正式...less than...，有些人会觉得这种结构不正确）

3. 距离或者金额用less than而不是fewer than，例如

   The beach is less than a mile away.

4. 强调数量很大可以用no less than或no fewer than，例如

   The team has had no fewer than ten manangers in just five years. （或... no less than...）

5. no less than通常会和百分比、时段和数量连用，例如

   Profits have increased by no less than 95% in the last year. （比... no fewer than...更合适）

xxx 和 a xxx的区别就是few 和 little只是形容词，用在句子里一般会加上a，比如，only a few people have been to america。只有少部分人去过美国，fewer是比较时候用的，比如，fewer people have been to brazil，更少的人去过巴西。
few 和 little 的区别就是few一般说的是数量，little一般说的是大小，比如little amount ＝ few
little boy，不能用few， few people用了little就不是少数人的意思了

little:修饰不可数名词,有否定含义,几乎没有
a little:修饰不可数名词,肯定含义,有一些
few:修饰可数名词,有否定含义,几乎没有
a few:修饰可数名词,肯定含义,有一些
fewer:few的比较级,较少的
less:little的比较级,较少的