急求！！！机械英语翻译

太长了，希望能加到100分或80分
(i) Knee and Column type
1. 升降台式铣床
(a)horizontal
（a） 水平的
(b)vertical
（b） 垂直的
(c)universal
（c）万向的
(d)turret type
（d）转塔式
(ii)Production (Bed) type
2. 生产（床身式）式（铣床）
(a)simplex
（a）单柱的
(b)duplex
（b）双轴的
(c)triplex
（c）三轴的
These machines are generally meant for regular production involving large batch sizes. The flexibility is relatively less in these machines which is suitable for productivity enhancement.
这些铣床一般意味着涉及大批量正常生产的。这些机器的灵活性比较小，他们适合于生产效率的提高。
(iii)Plano millers
3. 龙门铣床
These machines are used only for very large workpieces involving tables in meters.
这些铣床仅用于很大的、涉及几米台面的工件
(iv)Special type
4. 特殊类型
(a)Rotary table
（a）圆工作台铣床
(b)Drum type
（b）鼓形铣床
(c) Copy milling （Die sinking machine）
（c）仿形铣床（靠模铣床）
(d)Key way milling machines
（d）键槽铣床
(e)Spline shaft milling machines
（e）花键轴铣床
These machines provide special facilities to suit specific applications that are not catered to by the other classes of milling machines. 这些铣床提供了特殊的设备，以适应其他种类铣床不能迎合的特定应用。
7.2.1 Knee and Column Milling Machines
7.2.1升降台式铣床
The knee and column type is the most commonly used machine in view of its flexibility and easier setup. 升降台式铣床是最常用的铣床，因为它灵活而较易调定。其一种典型的铣床结构示于图7.2A typical machine construction is shown in Fig.7.2 for the horizontal axis. 其一种典型的、用于水平轴线的铣床结构示于图7.2 The knee houses the feed mechanism and mounts the saddle and table. 升降台包藏进给机构，并安装滑板和工作台。The table basically has the T-slots running along the X-axis for the purpose of work holding. 工作台基本上有沿X轴线行进的T形槽，用于工件保持的目的。The table moves along the X-axis on the saddle while the saddle moves along the Y-axis on the guide ways provided on the knee. 工作台沿着X轴线在滑板上移动，同时滑板沿Y轴线在升降台上提供的导轨移动。The feed is provided either manually with a hand wheel or connected for automatic by the lead screw, which in turn is coupled to the main spindle drive. 进给可以用手手动进行，也可用丝杆连接而自动进行。The knee can move up and down (Z-axis) on a dovetail provided on the column. 升降台可以在机柱提供的燕尾导轨上向上或向下移动（Z轴）。The massive column at the back of the machine houses all the power train including the motor and the spindle gearbox. The power for feeding the table lead screw is taken from the main motor through a separate feed gearbox. Sometimes a separate feed motor is provided for the feed gearbox as well. 在铣床后面的大质量机柱包藏所有的动力传动系，包括电机和主轴齿轮箱。进给工作台丝杆的动力通过一个分开的进给齿轮箱取自于主电机。有时也为进给齿轮箱配备独立的进给电机。
While the longitudinal and traverse motions are provided with automatic motion, the raising of the knee is generally made manually.

　　由于组件是按顺序排列的，为了调整整体刚度，夹具的装夹刚度应约等于图（1）中给出的刀具的刚度。这考虑到在不折损整体刚度的情况下，立铣刀在有效刚度范围内大幅度变向的能力。这份资料中所研发的夹具能够达到相当于长8毫米、直径1毫米的硬质合金刀具的刚度，这可能是中尺度机械加工中能用到的最大刀具。刀具越小，硬度就越小，因此可以说其他任何用于中尺度或微尺度机械加工的夹具刚度都不及此。