复合扭转梁式半独立悬架和扭力梁式非独立悬挂架的区别

2025-04-05 20:08:07
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

一、独立悬挂:舒适性好,适合用在轿车中。维修费用和非独立比高些。适合在城市中使用。非独立悬挂:适合越野车和货车等等大型车中。结构简单不爱坏,但通过坑包感觉颠簸舒适性不行。

二、扭力梁式半独立悬架,是汽车后悬挂装置类型的一种,是在扭力梁式非独立悬架上增加一个平衡杆来使车轮产生倾斜,保持车辆的平稳。扭力梁式半独立后悬架系统发明于20世纪70年代,但直到今天这种经典结构仍然有着强大的生命力,被广泛用于前轮驱动的中小型家庭轿车的后悬架系统中。

虽然在近40年的发展中,各大汽车厂商对扭力梁式半独立悬架进行着不断地升级和优化,但其主要构成仍旧由4部份组成:用于承受主要垂向和侧向力矩扭转横梁;

焊接在扭转横梁左右两侧的纵向摆臂;布置于纵向摆臂前端用于连接车身的弹性元件及连接支架;弹簧减振器系统。扭力梁式半独立后悬架系统具有以下优点:悬架结构简单,重量轻;在整车装配时,无须后轮定位,减少装配工时;占用空间小,容易获得较大的尾部空间;

弹簧减振器系统便于匹配布置;有利于控制车轮相对于弹簧减振的运动比率;扭转横梁特性可以替代稳定杆的功用;悬架运动过程中,前束和轮距变化微小;侧向力工况下,外倾角变较小;直线稳定性好,后轮胎损耗小;通过的合理设定弹性衬套的特性,可降低制动点头。

但是半独立式结构的悬架系统也有以下不利因素:扭转横梁产生扭转应力和剪切应力,在焊接连接处有较高应力,允许后轴承受的载荷受到扭力梁强度的限制;为保证行驶稳定性,两侧纵向摆臂弹性衬套连点受力复杂;两侧车轮相互影响;舒适性差。

扩展资料:

1、非独立式悬挂:两侧车轮安装于一根整体式车桥上,车桥通过悬挂与车架相连。这种悬挂结构简单,传力可靠,但两轮受冲击震动时互相影响。

而且由于非独立式悬挂质量较重,悬挂的缓冲性能较差,行驶时汽车振动,冲击较大。该悬挂一般多用于载重汽车、普通客车和一些其他车辆上。

2、独立式悬挂:每个车轮单独通过一套悬挂安装于车身或者车桥上,车桥采用断开式,中间一段固定于车架或者车身上;此种悬挂两边车轮受冲击时互不影响,而且由于非悬挂质量较轻;

轿车、客车及载人车辆。可明显提高乘坐舒适性,并且在高速行驶时提高汽车的行驶稳定性。越野车辆、军用车辆和矿山车辆。在坏路和无路的情况下,可保证全部车轮与地面的接触,提高汽车的行驶稳定性和附着性,发挥汽车的行驶速度。

3、空气悬挂:利用空气弹簧内密闭气体受压缩后的刚性递增性,也就是随着空气弹簧不断被压缩,其刚度逐渐增加,同时,其内部气体随空气弹簧被压缩或拉长而压入或排出,导致空气悬架系统具有接近理想的动态弹性特性。

参考资料来源:百度百科-扭力梁式半独立悬架

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