区别是：
anomaly指的是异常现象;异常，反常。
aberration指的是偏差，差错;脱离常规，越轨。
例句辨析：
anomaly
1、This anomaly may result from increases in snowfall in the higher latitude and therefore colder karakorams, where snow and ice are less vulnerable to smalltemperature increases.
这种反常现象也许可以解释为：喀拉昆仑山脉地处高纬度地区，那里的降雪量在增加，气温也更冷，冰川受全球变暖的影响较小。
2、In this paper, a new method to detect traffic anomaly was studied.
本文研究了一种新的流量异常检测方法。
3、The calculating methods of geochemical anomaly thresholds are very important in mineral exploration and resource prediction.
化探异常下限计算方法在矿产勘查和资源预测中非常重要。
aberration
1、It became very clear that the incident was not just an aberration, it was not just a single incident.
事实已经很清楚，这件事不是偶发的，它并不是一起孤立的事件。
2、Single people are treated as an aberration and made to pay a supplement.
独身者被当成异类，而且要付一笔额外的费用。
3、The principle and system of aspheric wavefront aberration measurement are introduced.
介绍了非球面波像差测量的原理和装置。
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