祈使句 一、定义 祈使句是英语的基本句型之一,表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等,往往有表示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思。 祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是省略了主语“You”。句末用感叹号或句号,用降调朗读。肯定结构都以动词原形开头。例如: Catch the ball!接球!(句子的意思是让“你”接球) Go and ask the teacher. 去问问老师。 句子的意思是让“你”去问老师。 Put the books in your bag. 把书放到书包里。 Come and meet my family. 来看看我家人。 二、句型 1. 祈使句的肯定句式有三种形式,即 1)Do型(以行为动词原形开头),例如: Sit down 坐下! Stand up 起立! 2)Be型(以be开头),例如: Be quiet 安静! 3)Let型 (以let开头), 例如: Let me help you. 让我来帮助你。 注意:三种句型中Do型是最常见、最简单的一种结构。表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上Please, 构成句式:Please...或...Please. 以使语气更加缓和或客气。例如: Please stand up.或Stand up,please.请站起来。 Please have a rest.或Have a rest,please.请休息一下。 2. 祈使句的否定结构是以“Don't+动词原形”开头。例如: Don't go there,please. 请别去那儿。 Don't be late. 不要迟到。 Don't let him in. 不要让他进来。 Don't let the water run into the room. 不要让水流进屋里。 注意:Let's型祈使句,其否定式也可用 Let's not...。如: Let's not have rest. 咱们别休息了。
Go and wash your hands.
(去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet,please.(Please be quiet.)
(请安静。——请求)
Be kind to our sister.
(对姊妹要和善。——劝告)
Watch your steps.
(走路小心。——警告)
Look out!Danger!
(小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句)
Keep off the grass.
(勿践草坪。——禁止)
No parking.
(禁止停车。——禁止)
Come here, please.
Go downstairs, please.
Stand up.
Sit down.
Be quiet.
Be careful.
Come in, Amy.
Sit down here, Tom.
Mary, give me a book please.
Don't come here.
Don't sit down.
Don't stand up.
Don't give me it.
let sb. do 让某人做
Let me pass.