英语介绍珠穆朗玛峰，要有英文又有中文翻译

============
Mount Everest
============
Mount Everest, also called Sagarmatha or Chomolungma, Qomolangma or Zhumulangma, is the highest mountain on Earth, as measured by the height of its summit above sea level, which is 8,848 metres (29,029 ft). The mountain, which is part of the Himalaya range in High Asia, is located on the border between Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal, and Tibet, China.

In 1856, the Great Trigonometric Survey of India established the first published height of Everest at 29,002 ft (8,840 m), although at the time Everest was known as Peak XV. In 1865, Everest was given its official English name by the Royal Geographical Society upon recommendation of Andrew Waugh, the British Surveyor General of India at the time. Waugh was unable to propose an established local name due to Nepal and Tibet being closed to foreigners at the time, although Chomolungma had been in common use by Tibetans for centuries.

The highest mountain in the world attracts climbers of all levels, from well experienced mountaineers to novice climbers willing to pay substantial sums to professional mountain guides to complete a successful climb. The mountain, while not posing substantial technical climbing difficulty on the standard route (other eight-thousanders such as K2 or Nanga Parbat are much more difficult), still has many inherent dangers such as altitude sickness, weather and wind. By the end of the 2007 climbing season, there had been 3,679 ascents to the summit by 2,436 individuals. This means climbers are a significant source of tourist revenue for Nepal, whose government also requires all prospective climbers to obtain an expensive permit, costing up to US$25,000 per person. Everest has claimed 210 lives, including 15 who perished during a 1996 storm high on the mountain. Conditions are so difficult in the death zone that most corpses have been left where they fell, some of which are visible from standard climbing routes.

=========
珠穆朗玛峰
=========
珠穆朗玛峰，简称珠峰，又意译作圣母峰，位于中国和尼泊尔交界的喜马拉雅山脉之上，海拔为8844.43米，终年积雪。是世界海拔第一高峰。藏语珠穆朗玛就是“大地之母”的意思，称作圣母峰。藏语“珠穆”是女神之意，“朗玛”应该理解成母象（在藏语里，“朗玛”有两种意思：高山柳和母象）。神话说珠穆朗玛峰是长寿五天女（tshe-ring mched lnga）所居住的宫室。

西方更多的称这山峰作额菲尔士峰或艾佛勒斯峰（Mount Everest），是纪念英国殖民者侵占尼泊尔之时，负责测量喜马拉雅山脉的英属印度测量局局长乔治·额菲尔士（George Everest）。尼泊尔语名是萨迦玛塔，意思是“天空之女神”。这名字是尼泊尔政府二十世纪六十年代起名的。由于此前，尼泊尔人民没有给这山峰起名，而政府由于政治原因没有选择用音译名称。

1258年出土的《莲花遗教》以“拉齐”称之，噶举派僧人桑吉坚赞《米拉日巴道歌集》称珠穆朗玛峰所在地为“顶多雪”。1717年，清朝测量人员在珠穆朗玛峰地区测绘《皇舆全览图》，以“朱姆朗马阿林”命名，“阿林”是满语，意思是“山”。1952年中国政府更名为珠穆朗玛峰。

1956年，中国中央人民政府内务部、出版总署通报“额菲尔士峰”应正名为“珠穆朗玛峰”。2002年，中国大陆《人民日报》发表了一篇文章，对西方世界继续使用的英文名称"额菲尔士峰"，应正名为其藏语名字"珠穆朗玛峰"。 该报认为，西方使用英语名称"额菲尔士峰"前280年前中国的地图上标志已以“珠穆朗玛”命名。台湾传统上一直以"圣母峰"称呼此山，并在教科书中采用此意译；近年来开始有人接受中国大陆"珠穆朗玛峰"的名称，但仍不普遍。