高分请教英语语法问题

怎么 一口气问这么多啊？？？？
1，因为是虚拟语气，所以用could。
2，是责备和请求建议的语气，所以用could，而can 通常是命令的语气。
3，可以用can
4,would在这里是过去将来时，在过去我从没想过···
5， 固定搭配

will和would

注意：
1）would like； Would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配。
Would you like to go with me?
2）Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。
Would you like some cake?
3）否定结构中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。
Won't you sit down?
你的问题好像处在虚拟语气和情态动词上，我就帮你补一下啊

虚拟语气

1） 概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

2） 在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

1 真实条件句

真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。

时态关系
句型： 条件从句 主句
一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形
If he comes, he will bring his violin.

典型例题
The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。

注意：
1） 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.
(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.
2） 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

2 非真实条件句

1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a. 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 ： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形
If they were here, they would help you.

b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句 主句
过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.

If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.
含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.

c. 表示对将来的假想
句型： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should+ 动词原形
were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形
should+ 动词原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

3 混合条件句

主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).

4 虚拟条件句的倒装

虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
Were they here now, they could help us.
=If they were here now, they could help us.
Had you come earlier, you would have met him
=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
Should it rain, the crops would be saved.
=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.

注意：
在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for him.
如果我是你，就会去找他。
If he were here, everything would be all right.
如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。

典型例题
_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.

5 特殊的虚拟语气词：should

1） It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。

句型：
(1)suggested
It is (2)important that…+ (should) do
(3) a pity

(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do
(2)important, necessary, natural, strange
a pity, a shame, no wonder
(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.

2）在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.

注意： 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.

判断改错:
（错） You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
(对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
(错) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.
(对) I insisted that you were wrong.

3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

6 wish的用法

1）用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为：

真实状况 wish后
从句动作先于主句动词动作 现在时 过去时
（be的过去式为 were）
从句动作与主句动作同时发生 过去时 过去完成时
（had + 过去分词）
将来不大可能实现的愿望 将来时 would/could +
动词原形

I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。
He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。
I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。

2）Wish to do表达法。
Wish sb / sth to do
I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager.
I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.)

7 比较if only与only if

only if表示"只有"；if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。
If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。
If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。

8 It is (high) time that

It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。
It is time that the children went to bed.
It is high time that the children should go to bed.

9 need "不必做"和"本不该做"

didn't need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。.
needn't have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。)

典型例题
There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn't have hurried B. couldn't have hurried C. must not hurry D. needn't have hurried
答案D。needn't have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。
Mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done, "不可能已经"。 must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时）。

我不知道你到底哪里不懂啊，所以只跟你简单的说了一下虚拟语气，如果需要的话在问我啊。

will与would
1) will作情态动词，表示意愿、习惯等。would表示过去的习惯。
【例如】
It will be highly appreciated if you will send us your latest price list.
On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing.
2) Will/would you please do...,Would you like to do...,Would you mind doing...
都表示建议、询问、请求等。
【例如】
Will you please pass me a cup of tea?
Would you like me to give you a hand?
This box is too heavy, ____give me a hand? (CET-4 1998,1)
A) would you mind
B) would you please
C) will you like to
D) will you please to
四个结构中，would you mind接动名词；would you please接动词原形；
will you like to不是正确结构；will you please to也不是正确结构，因此答案为B。
注意：
1）would like； Would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配。
Would you like to go with me?
2）Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。
Would you like some cake?
3）否定结构中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。
Won't you sit down?

can和could
A:
can (could) 表示说话人能,可以,同意,准许,以及

客观条件许可,could 为 can 的过去式。

Can you pass me the books?

你能给我递一下书吗 ?

Could you help me, please?

请问,你能帮助我吗?

What can you do?

你能干点什么呢?

Can you be sure?

你有把握吗?

can 和could 只能用于现在式和过去式两种时态,将来时态用 be able to 来表示。

He could help us at all.

他完全可以帮助我们。

With the teacher's help,I shall be able to speak English correctly.

由于老师的帮助,我将能准确地讲英语。

can和could都可表示推测(possibility),但是can常用在疑问句中。如果can用在肯定句中，只能表示一般性的推测，意思是"有时会"sometimes
1、can 表示现在的能力，could 表示过去的能力，例如：He can speak a little English now.
She could play the piano when she was five.
2、在表示请求许可时，没有时间区别，在语气上could 更加委婉客气，例如：
Can I use your pen ?
Could I have a look at your book ?
3、在表示可能性方面，没有时间区别，can 可能性比could 大；1、can 表示现在的能力，could 表示过去的能力，例如：He can speak a little English now.
She could play the piano when she was five.
2、在表示请求许可时，没有时间区别，在语气上could 更加委婉客气，例如：
Can I use your pen ?
Could I have a look at your book ?
3、在表示可能性方面，没有时间区别，can 可能性比could 大；表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性，而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。

Can it be true? 这会是真的吗？

Anybody can make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误。

The weather here could be very cold in winter. 冬天这的天气有时很冷。

一般用于否定句和疑问句。

He can't be at home.他不可能在家。

注意和may not 的区别。

He may not be at home. 他可能不在家。

也可以用于肯定句。，

An accident can happen if you do this.

如果你这样做，可能会发生事故

1 这里汉语是可以 用could最佳 can显得生硬些 而could 委婉 而且 这里是虚拟语气 只是假设说两岁的孩子可以做的比你好 并没有真的让两岁的孩子去做 这种虚拟语气 该使用could
2 这里 明显是在征求对方的意见 应该委婉的去问 用can表示命令 强硬的 这种征求对方建议 不是命令的 只能用could 用can并无语法错误 但是交际用语中一定要用could 能够突出征求意见的语气
3 could never属于固定搭配 记住这个只能这么用就可以了 没有什么解释
4 我从没想过 也是虚拟语气的一种 表示他以前没想过 是以前未发生的 所以用 would 不能用will

表示将来的时候用will 但would 更说明委婉语气 can表示能 可以 语气相对于could来说生硬许多 这两组词意思相近 记住表语气委婉和征求对方建议时用 could和would 表虚拟语气时 用could would 表命令和将来时只能用 will can

懂了么？？嘎嘎

could/would的语气比较委婉,2种意思,一种是过去应该做的事情而没做.二种是委婉的表达我能...的意思.
will一般用在未来要做现在未做的句子中...
can就很单调,一般起强调作用....

could 表示委婉的可能，假设性更强
could you help me ?j就比can you help me ?委婉些

will和would的区别也是一样的
如果你想委婉些，就用could和would。其实从语法上没什么区别！

一、情态动词can的用法

1. 表示能力，意思是：能，会。如：

I can't swim. 我不会游泳。

Can you drive？ 你会开车吗？

2. 表示客观可能性，意思是：可以，可能。如：

That big cinema can seats 2,000 people. 那家大电影院能坐2000人。

He can be very friendly at times. 有时他会很友好。

3. 表示允许(和may意思相近)，意思是：可以，能够。如：

You can have the book when I have finished it. 书我看完了可以给你。

Can I use your pen？ 我可以用你的钢笔吗？

4. 表示惊异、不相信等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中），意思是：会，可能。如：

This can't be true. 这不可能是真的。

Can it be true？ 这可能是真的吗？

二、情态动词could的用法

1. 表示“能力”或“可能性”，作为can的过去形式。如：

Could you speak English then？ 那时你能讲英语吗？

He said he couldn't follow me. 他说他跟不上我。

2. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等情绪。如：

Who could have taken them？ 谁会把它们拿走了呢？

She couldn't have left so soon. 她不可能这么快就走了。

在这种情况下，could和can是可以换用的，用could时口气较缓和，用can时不相信的程度更强一些，两者在时间上没有差别。

3. 比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。如：

—Could you let me have your passport?

—Yes, here it is.

—看看你的护照好吗？

—行，这就是。

I could come earlier, if necessary. 如果必要我可以早点来。

这时could和can没有时间上的差别。

4. 在虚拟条件句中构成谓语。如：

I would certainly do it for you if I could. 要是我能做得到，我一定会为你们做这事儿。

How I wish I could go with you! 我多么希望和你们一道去！

6.will和would的用法
6.1 will，用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是情态动词。would亦同理。
例如：He'll be here this afternoon. 今天下午他会来这儿。（助动词）
Will you tell her that I'm here? 请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？（情态动词）
6.2用于各种人称，表示“意志”“决心”“允诺”
例如：I will try. 我愿一试。
6.3在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求或询问
例如：If you want help， let me know, will you? 如果你需要帮助，让我知道，好吗？
Will you type this, please? 请打印这个，好吗？
Won't you sit down? 请坐下，好吗？
6.4 would比will客气委婉
例如：Would you help us, please? 请您帮助我们，好吗？（表请求）
I'd go there with you. 我要和你一块到那儿去。（表意愿）
Dad wouldn't allow it. 爸爸不会允许这件事。（表许可）
would
1。用于表愿望、请求或建议的陈述之后。
例：I wish you would stay。我希望你能留下来。
2。用于有礼貌的请求。
例：would you go with me ？
3。表示不确定之意。
例：it would seem to be getting warmer。
will
助动词：将；会；愿；要
例：he will come back soon。他很快就将回来了。
he will often sit up all night。他常常熬夜。
it will be fine tomorrow 。明天将会放晴。
名词：决心；遗嘱；意图；意愿；渴望；随心所欲
例：let him do what he will 。让他做他想做的事情吧。
及物动词：决定；使想要；命令；意图；立遗嘱
不及物动词：运用意志的力量；选择