介绍威士忌的英文

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Whiskies are very special and characteristic, with the eye-catching golden yellow color, the ‘woody ’ or ‘smoky’ hint in it’s aroma, and the fruity sweetness and pleasant bitterness of its taste.(30 words)

耀眼的金黄色，略带木质或烟熏的迷人香气，以及那果甜味和舒适的苦味使威士忌成为一种很特别有个性的美酒。

Three types of whisky are produced in Scotland: malt, grain and blended.
（威士忌的三种）

Malt

Malt whisky takes its name and flavours from the way it is produced. The barley is allowed to sprout before being toasted over a fire in a malt kiln, and the mashing, distillation and fermentation processes begin. After distillation, single malts are allowed to mature for between eight and fifteen years on average before bottling. Single malts - whiskies from a single distillery - are familiar to most drinkers, and many of the big-name brands are single malts, for example, Macallan, Glenmorangie, and Glenfiddich.

Other types of malts include single cask malts which are the product of a single distillation and bottled straight from the maturing cask. This process ensures that the particular character of the specific distillation is emphasized. Single-cask malts are normally stronger than ordinary malts - anything up to around 65% ABV (alcohol by volume) - and are usually about twice the price.

Vatted malts where single malts of different ages and from different distilleries (but usually owned by the same parent company) are mixed together.

Grain

Grain whisky is distilled in a different way from malt whisky, using a patent still. Its main ingredient - barley, maize or another cereal - is left unmalted, but one thing it shares with malt is that both have to mature for at least three years before they are legally allowed to be called 'whisky'. Unlike malts, grains get the minimum maturing time. The 10-year-old Invergorden is one of the few grain whiskies available since most goes to blending plants where it is mixed with single malts to form the third type of whisky - blended.

Blended

Single malts may be the most fashionable brands in the whisky industry, but the blends are its steady, background performers. Bells, Johnnie Walker, Whyte & Mackay and Teacher's are likely to be the varieties that most new drinkers coming to whisky will try first. And no matter what impression you get from the ads or from 'connoisseurs', it's worth remembering that most of these blends can taste just as good as - and in some cases, better than - some the single malts you'll hear people raving about. Deluxe whiskies such as Dimple or The Antiquary are blends which have a higher proportion of older and better quality malt in their mix.

DISTILLATION

Distilling takes place in pairs of copper pot stills with tall 'swan-necks'. One is usually larger than the other, otherwise their shapes, heights and sizes vary from distillery to distillery. The life of a still is between 15 and 30 years, depending on how hard it is used.

The two main operations in distilling are turning liquid into vapor and then vapor into liquid i.e. vaporization and then condensation. Distillation is simply a means of separation by these operations. A liquid can be separated from solids or one liquid from another and either the distillate or the residue collected.

MATURATION

In this discourse up to this point no mention has been made of whisky. This is simply because the spirit produced cannot legally be termed Scotch whisky until it has been matured in oak casks for at least three years.

If it is intended to sell the Malt Spirit as a single Malt Whisky then at least eight years maturation or preferably ten to twelve years will be necessitated

Scotch Whisky
Whisky is, in its most basic sense, a spirit that is distilled from grain. Sometimes the grain has been malted, sometimes not. It is aged, often for long periods of time, in wooden barrels (usually oak). This barrel-aging smoothes the rough palate of the raw spirit and adds aromatic and flavoring nuances along and the base amber hue, all of which set whiskies apart from white grain spirits such as Vodka, Gin and Aquavit, which are distilled closer to neutrality in taste, and then generally not aged in wood.

The basis of Scotch whisky is the heather-flavored ales made from barley malt that the Picts and their prehistoric ancestors brewed. Archeologists have found evidence of such brewing dating back to at least 2000 B.C. This ale (which is still produced today by at least one Scottish microbrewer) was low in alcohol and not very stable.

Starting in the ninth century, Irish monks arrived in Scotland to Christianize their Celtic brethren. Along with the Word of the Lord they brought the first primitive stills, which they had picked up during their proselytizing visits to mainland Europe during the Dark Ages. The local Picts soon found that they could create a stable alcoholic beverage by distilling their heather ale. Simple stills came to be found in most rural homesteads, and homemade whisky became an integral part of Gaelic culture

苏格兰威士忌介绍
This word of the Scotch whisky introduction whisky( Whisky) is come from Scotch old saving GAELIC is of" UISGEBAUGH" or" UISCEBEATHA", its meaning is[ water of life]( the Water of Life), because of having already can't test for the origins of the whisky currently, but compare the whisky production in Scotch region that behavior can make sure, have already exceeded for 500 years above, so also see the Scotch region generally is all sources of whisky, this also be why currently in the world although have many nations to all have the production whisky, the Scotch whisky is a position that is to keep the ear of an ox always in this realm.

The manufacturing process of the general whisky can is divided into following and several steps:

1.Germination( Malting)
After will do away with the miscellaneous quality first of 麦 ( Malt) or the corn( Grain) soak in the hot water make it sproutlace, time that in the interval need sees 麦 or the dissimilarity of the corn specieses and then has the difference, but generally speaking and about need a thoughtful for two weekses carry on the process of the germination, treat after it sproutlace dry it again or with the peat( Peat) is smoked to do, after waiting to cool off keep again to enlarge about a month, the germinant process completes on the whole namely, special and worthy of here a what to lift is, in all whiskies, only have the Scotch region produce of whisky is use will peat sproutlace of smoked stem of 麦 or 榖s, so give the Scotch whisky a kind of special taste, but this is other whiskies have no of a special features.

2.Grate( Mashing)
Put keep to put to pass by aly after month of 麦 or 榖s into the stainless steel slot of the specially made takes in to pound into pulp and cook the juice, time that in the interval need is about 8-12 hours, usually in the molar process, the control of the temperature and time can be treated as very important one wreath, lead the high temperature or lead the quality that long time will affect the malt juice( or 榖 juice).

3.Ferment( Fermentation)
Join malt juice after cool off to the process that yeast fungus carries on ferment again, because of the leaven the ability become the malt juice the carbohydrate conversion alcohol, so at complete to ferment the process future reunion creation alcohol density about 5% liquid with 6% ～ , the liquid that is at this time is called it as" Wash" or" Beer", because of the category of the leaven is a lot of, for ferment the influence of the process again not fulfil same alike, so each different whisky brands all all see the category and quantitieses of the leaven that it use as its business secret, and don't tell the outsider easily, speaking generally in the process of ferment, the whisky factory will use the leaven of the more than two and different species at least, carry on ferment, but also use more than ten leavens of different species to mix with together to carry on ferment at most of function.

4.Distil( Distillation)
Distil to have the concentrated function generally speaking, so after 麦 or 榖s ferment" Beer" of the low alcohol degree become still needs then can become the whisky through the step that distil, the Whisky 精 density that is at this time invite at 60% ～ 70% is called it as" fresh wine", basically 麦 and 榖s use of distil the way to have the dissimilarity, is to adopt the one to distil the method from the malt whisky that 麦 make into, distil the container to carry on to distil the process two times with the one namely, and after distiling for the second time of wine go to its head and tail, take the wine heart( Heart) of the middle only to become the whisky partially. Is decide by the whisky that 榖 make into is to adopt the continuous type to distil the method, even use second distil the container to carry on two stages to distil the process continuously once by establish, the basically each wine factory combine the comparison that none fix while sieve the comparison of the wine heart, the complete hour depend on each wine factory moreover, however take the comparison of the wine heart generally much between 60%70% of ～ , the wine factory that also have for beg to take its tallest part to make the high-quality whisky, so take 17% wine heart only to use, if enjoy high prestige the 麦 card 伦 ( Macallan) one the malt whisky of the world is such.

5.CHEN2 NIAN2( Maturing)
Distil later on fresh wine must through CHEN2 NIAN2 of process make it through the oak bucket absorbs each kind of plant of natural aroma, and produce a beautiful amber, lower its alcohol density gradually may also at the same time, currently at the Scotch region have the related ordinance to the norm CHEN2 NIAN2 of wine 龄 , that is wine 龄s that each wine mark all must be true without any error of, such measure is in addition to guaranteeing the public's rights, substituting high-quality image that the whisky of the Scotch region build up.

6.Mix to go together with( Blending)
The 麦 and 榖 specieses are numerous, so is as well each to have it the different taste the manufacturing and the whisky that become, depending on on each wine factory adjust the wine master depend on its experience eachly from make its out of the ordinary of the whisky of the taste, also therefore each brand mixed to go together with the process and contentseses to were all see in order to is an absolute secret, to mix the whisky its quality go together with behind at this time completely is from the article wine expert and consumer to come to a decision.

7.Bottle( Bottling)
The procedure that mix to go together with does to finish after, leave to come finally of is to bottle, but before bottle the first essentials will mix to go together with the good whisky to filter one more, doing away with its miscellaneous quality, at this time then by automate of bottle the machine to press whisky the fixed capacity load separately to go to each in, then stick the first volume mark after can immediately pack to sell.

Is the whisky manufacturing process above briefly of introduction, can is divided into whisky in the dissimilarity that the whole world depends on to produce the area currently Scotch whisky, Ireland whisky, American whisky, the Canadian whisky waits the four major type, as for other nations or region as well or have the production whisky, but can't say four big sorts to have the global popularity as above always, to sum it up, to general consumer, be full of many products of brand on the market currently, how choose a bottle of good whisky to may make most to drink person the problem of the headache, but as long as the confidence lives a principle － to ask expert more, choosing well-known brand in world as far as possible, that will not have problems on the whole. The special features of the Scotch whisky and criticize

Special features
The Scotch whisky is in view of the fact to be are raw materials by 麦 and 榖s, and through the peat( Peat) combustion smoke 埙 , so on the eating in addition to general fruit flavor[ such as orange flavor, lemon, the almond fruit flavor...etc.], still take to have nectar and the eating of the smoke 埙s moreover, and at speak of the peat, this can be regarded as the space 兰 whisky and other whiskies or brandies biggest and different special features, the so-called peat( Peat) is not like the meaning of its typeface to is a coal mine a kind of, peat in fact is from the stone plant death of the south type( Heather) after is pressed to cover up to become at the underground of dry plant, so at burnable peat, the flavor of its nectar will dissipate of out, this is also one big special features that other wet goodses have no in make process.

A special features that is moreover be because make the raw material of the Scotch whisky as the 麦 ( 榖 ) type, rather than general fruit( if the grape wait), so its eating is stronger, also positive as it does, the Scotch whisky impression for person has the sun more just breathing of, this also be why the general and male consumer compared to prefer the reason of drink the Scotch whisky.

Criticize
Generally speaking, the quality that toes criticize the Scotch whisky must be begin by 3, observing whether its color and luster is radiant and extremely keen or not first namely, immediately after smell again its flavor whether the thick 馥 has the variety, the end experiences again whether its eating is plentiful or not smooth and whether remaining flavor can keep on not to spread or not, usually criticize thus is to belong to the professional class of, take drinking purely as the lord.
However to general consumer, don't need to spend a long time thus, at the Scotch local residents drink the Scotch whisky, usually drink purely, or add the water, or add the ice-cubes three kinds of drink the way, however this period combine the standard that none settle to drink the way, the Scotch person think the most suitable match the way of oneself's eating is to drink the way bestly, so if have the opportunity to taste the Scotch whisky next time, must find out first the most suitable match oneself's eating to drink the way, that is the most standard way.

The ■ ascends the Scotch whisky of pleased road invulnerablely

Ascend the Scotch whisky of pleased road is to choose with the most high-quality raw material, the deluxe Scotch whisky that follow to brew the technique to pass by again most traditionally to mix to go together with to make but become with meticulous care and specially.

The Scotch whisky depend on the dissimilarity that it uses the raw material and can classified into the two major type, one is from 麦 through sproutlace but brew of malt whisky, another then is a kind of from the 榖 whisky of 榖 brew but become.However these two kinds of whiskies are all from locate the Scotch region of the cold and damp weather to distil the wine factory to brew out of, and the whiskies that each wine factory brews all have the special eating and special featureses.

At after the step that pass by to distil, the Whisky is store to quietly carry on CHEN2 NIAN2's process in the sealed oak bucket.But the lengths of each whisky Chen's year do not fulfil same alike, so the only brilliant wine cellar the master then can judge various CHEN2 NIAN2's term with the best different whisky but take in to choose out to carry on mix to go together with with the experience and superb techniques that it enriches.

Ascend the Scotch whisky of pleased road is to be been through strict sieving by the wine cellar, the master chooses 30 remainings to grow the different whisky, depend on it each from have of special taste mix to go together with to make and become with meticulous care of, also therefore created the Scotch whisky in incomparable wine delicacy.

Scotch whisky THE FAMOUS GROUSE of the ■威雀

End of 18 centuries, the household of Matthew Gloag establishes a strong drink for develop a style of one's own to brew the factory in the Scotch Perth, among them the most representative is agreeable and slippery" Scotch whisky" of the eating abnormality.

Whenever the British imperial house leaves for Scotch hunting 威雀 ［ Grouse ］ far, take the Gloag whisky conduct and actions necessarily cold resisting and hunt success to celebrate it with.The one who go to the third generation ［ of household of Gloag is about the end ］ of 19 centuries, household in power of hour is a Whisky that decides to produce the ＂威 雀″ * with it to make to combine.

* The 威雀 Grouse is a kind of dwell for rest in the mountain area of wild bird, its color and luster takes the shallow ash slightly for the red palm tree, dwelling for rest the natural view color of the place to connect into very much with it.

When the whisky of Gloag is popular gradually and deeply, its name also turns into into the ＂ THE FAMOUS GROUSE SCOTCH WHISKY ″ formally.At present the Scotland still flows to go to hunt the 威雀 very much, its grand occasion just as Scotch whisky of the 威雀 , still keep in the Scotland it leads the brand position general.

Currently the Scotch whisky of the 威雀 is a Highland Distillers Co.Ltd that belongs to the Scotch region to take most the great reputation.One of the underneath products of group, also ushered in three products in the Taiwanese market:

Scotch whisky ［ The Famous Grouse Scotch Whisky ］ of the 威雀

Scotch whisky ［ The Famous Grouse Gold Reserve 12 yr Scotch Whisky ］ of the gold 雀

Scotch whisky ［ The Famous Grouse Prestige Deluxe Scotch Whisky ］ of might of heaven

Declare to will establish to sell the joint venture company of alliance as soon as on March 30 in 1999, Highland Distillers, Remy- Cointreau and the Jim Beam three greatest wet goodses in the world group, this global marketing policy alliance will even establish the position that the 威雀 Scotch whisky, world leads the brand.

Statistics according to the International Drinks Bulletin of 1998, the Scotch whisky of the 威雀 is originally the sale growth rate of the year over 10%, ranking for ten one of the big and Scotch whiskieses of whole world;But in the Scotland the native is the first brand, owning more than 20% market shares;Rank the second in whole England, have 13% market share in whole England.

The card 伦 one malt whisky of Rolls Royce 麦 within the ■ one malt Whisky

The 麦 card 伦 wine factory locates at on the hill of look down at the Spey near the Craigella- chie, ever since that time the end of 18 centuries starts brew the Whisky namely, living at that time on the hillock of a farmer grow with the oneself of barley brew the whisky. About at the same time, the main mansion of get of a manor of the here is the place of invite the private visitor then, if the diagram that each麦 card 伦 whisky packing box prints to draw show, hoping to give the person the whisky" fortress" feel, engrave the elephant not smooth by distiling the factory creation to compare to the function mindset by moderating the people.

The 麦 card 伦 it is said is in 1824, the wine article earlier period of legal production, admit in the authorities for the first time under distil to make wine.In 1892, the 麦 card 伦 business enterprise is take up by a household, a down to date, this household still owned most shares of that business enterprise now.

The 麦 card 伦 stock in 1966 －s 68 appear on market publicly, therefore, also can pay a great deal of CHEN2 NIAN2 to make by fermentation the funds and afterwards 10-year businesses that stock need to expand the planned need.Each on returning to expand to all include to construct to distil the factory lately, make the company be able to still can increase the production under the condition of not change each one to distil a size of copper. The 麦 card 伦 business enterprise at mix to go together with the wine company is already 1 to smell the far and near, the latter is usually to mix to go together with the painting dragon in wine to order the 晴 to use with the 麦 card 伦 conduct and actions of pure Whisky of 麦 .But in 196 ages of O , the pure ale of the 麦 card 伦 can wear to fill and then can buy in the 斯 only.Although the ale of the big part is to stay to make to mix to go together with to use,, the governor of the 麦 card 伦 entrepreneur new generation decide the one ale and must also become the main force that sells the expansion.

The 麦 card 伦 this kind one malt Whisky appears on market in whole England in 198 years of O .The 麦 card 伦 also is general with the same profession forerunner of other one ales, controling the company as far as possible outside bottle the company's number.The 麦 card 伦 one wine article obtains the success after appear on market, former incumbent president of that business enterprise the Allan Schiach takes the credit the 厥伟 , he is the 麦 card 伦企 industry a member of the household, is also a successful playwright.

The 麦 card 伦 wins the championship in big match of international wine article once and again, as a result win the good reputation of" Rolls Royce within pure Whisky of 麦 ".From the small scaled distiller of the company's out of the ordinary, and use various principle persistence( pack the existence to import from Spain, in flawless and tiny and sweet snow 莉 wine bucket CHEN2 NIAN2) of CHEN2 NIAN2's process of snow 莉 wine bucket, the 麦 card 伦 reserves the tradition to brew the method intentionally, attaining for a persistence to distil to make by fermentation the factory bestly.

In with Whisky send forth snow 莉 wine joss-stick, the 麦 card 伦 enriches most the great reputation, is this kind of 斯 to wear to fill the typical model in the Whisky representative.

Born winner plateau knight's one malt whisky within the ■ one malt whisky

The utopia of the sky the human life

The 奥 gram 尼 islands( the Islands of Orkeny) is outside Scotch northeast Cape sea, is one row beautifully green, the islands of the rich soil.These islands were surround by the sea water of the clear deep blue, on the island not only contain the flourishing fish to grow and many wild bird birds, return everywhere the 纷 row write such as:5,000 history cards of the year agos pull the trace and shadow of the history vestigeses such as historic relic and the ancient 麦 豪 ( the Maes Howe and Midhowe) stone house etc. of the 弧 form megalith( the Skara Brae).

The Scotch whisky that the Earth is most north to carry makes wine the factory here, you can find out the Earth the most north the Scotch whisky that carry makes wine the factory － plateau knight( the Highland Park).

Plateau build in 1790 A.D. knight the Highland Park makes wine the factory, is a church originally, peacetime from the elder of the church MA3 GE2 NI2 Anne 森 , the wine that will smuggle hides in the pulpit, to keep shady, but become the most well-known whisky smuggle at that time holy land.

The greatest ferment tastes the plateau in the one malt whisky knight( the Highland Park)12 years, Scotch whisky of an one malt after, can hardly forget its interesting taste;The inside reason lies in a bed of peat of the 奥 gram 尼 islands.Brew the peat quantity that whisky use in every time, all through careful diagraph, the flavor is still better;Also because of absorb dispersal since few centuries the salt of the in the interval, so let the whisky increase special taste of a kind of grass root and the stone south flower.

Scotch whisky of 12 years one 麦 bud of knight( the Highland Park) of plateau, with slow-moving but the process of the geniality, keep for 12 years in the oak bucket at least, let very hot alcohol ferment familiar, insure the original taste of 麦 more the 瑧 is perfect.The article wine expert, Michael, the gram 森 once praise highly the plateau knight's taste:" It is a born winner within pure whisky of 麦 ", and at it gives in the book review 90 cents of evaluation.