答:替代表特指的单数名词,可用 it, that, the one。三者的区别是:1. 替代单数可数名词时,三者均可用;替代不可数名词时,不能用 the one,而要用 it 或 that。此时 it 与 that 的区别是:表示同一事物时,用it;表示同类事物时,用 that 或 the one。如:The weather here is too cold. I don’t like it. 这儿的天气太冷了,我不喜欢这儿的天气。(it 在此指前面提到的 the weather)The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou. 北京的天气比广州冷。(that 在此指代的天气与前面提到的天气为同类)My uncle bought me a dictionary and I like it very much. 我叔叔给我买了一本词典,我非常喜欢它。(it 在此就是指前面提到的叔叔给我买的词典)Your dictionary is more useful than the one my uncle gave me. 你这本词典比我叔叔给我的那本词典更有用。(the one 在此表示与前面提到的词典为同类)2. 替代事物时,三者均可用;替代人时,只能用 the one。如:—Who is her husband? 哪位是她的丈夫?—The one by the window. 窗户边的那一位。注:当要替代性别不明的婴儿时可用 it。3. 当有前置定语修饰时,只能用 the one。如:—Which do you want? 你想要哪个?—The red one. 那个红的。She would rather have the small one than the large one. 她宁愿要小的,不要大的。4. 当有后置定语修饰时,通常用 the one。如:My room is better than the one next door. 我的房间比隔壁房间好。He said he would have the one near him. 他说要靠近他的那一个。Is that the one that was published recently? 是最近出版的那一种吗?
Here are six rings. Pick out the one you like best. 这里有六枚戒指,选出你最喜欢的一枚。但是,若后置定语为 of 引起的介词短语,则通常用 that。如:The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。A grandparent’s job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。