初中英语语法归纳 好心人罗列一下吧

2024-11-26 14:55:04
推荐回答(6个)
回答1:

牛津初中英语语法归纳
7A Unit 1
一般现在时 (is /am/are, do / does)的肯定、否定和疑问形式。
例:My hair is long.
Cats eat fish.
He goes to school on foot every day.
7A Unit 2
1.人称代词 —— 主格 :I , you , he, she, it, we, they. 在句中作主语。
例: We/ I / You/ They have lunch at school. He / She/ It looks at me.
2.人称代词 —— 宾格 :me, you, him, her, it, us, them在句中作宾语。
例: The teacher often helps us / me/ him/ her/ them.
7A Unit 3
时间介词 at, on, in
疑问词:what, which, who, whose, when, where, why, how
some, any 的用法
7A Unit 4
频率副词 never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always
There be 结构表示“某个地方客观存在”。
7A Unit 5
现在进行时 is/ am/are + doing 表示正在进行的动作.
7A Unit 6
can , may表示“允许、可以”。
顺序副词: first, then, next, afterwards, finally.
7B Unit 1
方位介词:in front of, between, next to, between, opposite, on
基数词:one, two, three, four,…
序数词:first, second, third, fourth….
7B Unit 2
how much, how many.表示“多少”, 前者跟不可数名词,后者跟可数名词的复数。
名词所有格: Millie’s home, The two students’ homes....
形容词性物主代词:my, your, his , her, our, their, its
名词性物主代词:mine, yours, his, her, ours, theirs, its…
4. 定冠词the的用法: 独一无二的,前文已提到过的。
7B Unit 3
动作介词: across, along, through, over, to, up, down, round, from
一般将来时:will +动词原形, shall + 动词原形(但只能用于we/ I 第一人称)
is/ am/ are going to + 动词原形
7B Unit 4
一般过去时的肯定、否定和疑问形式。
be 动词的过去式:was/ were
do(实义动词)的过去式分规则和不规则两类。
7B Unit 5
用can/ could表示“能力”“会”。
I can speak English. I could swim when I was young.
用can/ could 表示“可能”“可能性”。
I am free. I can help you. At that time, anything could happen.
感叹句 What a good girl! What bad weather! How nice it is!
7B Unit 6
祈使句的肯定形式和否定形式:
Walk the dog at 7:00. (Please) don’t chase the cat.
情态动词should, ought to & must 的用法
should (应该)/ shouldn’t(不应该),
ought to(应该)/ ought not to(不应该), must (必须)/ mustn’t (不可以,不允许)。
8A Unit 1
1. 描述性形容词,如:short, long, round, interesting,funny, slim, important, beautiful等。
2.形容词的比较级和最高级 ① 规则的bigger / the biggest more important/
the most important
② 不规则的 worse / the worst
表示“比较”的句式:as + 形容词+as ----- “和。。。一样”
not as / so + 形容词 + as——“。。。。不如。。。”
8A Unit 2
比较两者间的数量用以下句式:more….than, fewer….than., less… than
例: I have more / fewer apples than you. (后跟复数名词)
I have more / less free time than he/ him.(后跟不可数名词)
2.比较两者以上间的数量用 the most, the fewest, the least.
例: Amy scored the most/ fewest points of all.
Daniel has the least money of the three..
3.用 like & alike 来比较。例:
My skirt is / looks like hers. = My skirt and hers are alike.
4. 用词组 the same as & be different from来比较
8A Unit 3
1. and, but, or(或者)的用法。
2. 动词+ to do 这些动词有:plan, agree, want, decide, choose, hope, learn, prepare等。
3.反身代词:myself, yourself, yourselves, ourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves
8A Unit 4
由if引导的条件状语从句
1. 用来描述可能出现的情况,主句时态用将来时,如:
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park..
2.用来描述反复的、可预见的情况,主句时态用一般时。如:
If tigers are hungry, they attack people.
8A Unit 5
1. 用一般现在时表示“将来”。如:The train leaves at 9:00.
2.用现在进行时表示“将来”,如:We are leaving for Shanghai this evening.
3.方式副词:quietly, gently, easily, well…往往由形容词+ly变成副词,如:
quiet – quietly, easy—easily, possible – possibly
少数副词和形容词同形,如:fast, early, long 等。
注意:good—well, near—nearly , hard -- hardly
8A Unit 6
1. 表示原因的连词:because , as, since. (这些词放在原因从句之前,主句不能再用so.)
2.表示命令、请求、建议的句式:tell / ask / order /advise / warn sb. (not) to do sth.
8B Unit 1
现在完成时
结构: have / has + PP 表示动作发生在过去但对现在仍有影响。
肯定、否定和疑问形式
常用的一些时间状语,如:already, ever, for, since, just, never, yet等。
for + 一段时间, since + 过去的一点时间/ 用过去式的从句,相对应的主句动词要用延续性动词,如:leave --- be away, die --- be dead, borrow ---- keep, buy—have, come ---be here, join –- be in/ be a member of 等。如:
He has left already.
He has been away for two hours.
8B Unit 2
1. 过去进行时 was / were + doing 表示过去某个时刻正在进行的 。
2. 肯定、否定和疑问形式.
3. while 和 when在过去进行时中的用法:
进行时+ while +进行时
过去式,while + 进行时 = when +过去式,进行时
例:I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV..
The bell rang while he was reading books.
When the bell rang, he was reading books. (以上这两句主从句前后可以互换)
8B Unit 3
被动语态
结构:be + PP 时态变化都只改变be 的各种形式
肯定、否定和疑问形式
不是所有的动词都有被动形式,如感觉动词: feel, smell, look, taste, sound 和 happen, take place 等。
主动形式表被动意义,如: This shirt sells well.
(详细见课件复习)
8B Unit 4
because, because of, so 的用法。
because + 从句, because of +短语 (but: what you said), 两者后都跟原因。
so 后跟结果的从句。同一句子中,不能同时出现because/ because of和 so.
2.hope & wish的用法
hope 所希望的是有可能实现的,但wish所希望的是现在不可能实现的。
如:I hope you can come to my party.
I wish I were the President.
3.主语 hope to do sth., 主语hope其他人做某事,要跟从句。
wish可用来向某人祝福,如: I wish you a happy new year!
8B Unit 5
宾语从句(陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句)
used to & be used to 的用法
used to do 意思为:过去常常,过去曾。如:
He used to be a teacher. He used to get up early.
be used to doing / sth.意思为:习惯于做某事,如:
He is used to the bad weather. He is used to getting up early.
8B Unit 6
三个句型结构:
It’s +形容词 + that 从句,如:
It is necessary that we help the elderly.
It’s + 形容词 + to do sth., 如:
It’s useful to learn English well.
It’s +形容词+ for sb (not). to do sth.,如:
It’s necessary for us to protect the environment.
9A Unit 1
1. 句式:It is +形容词(性格)+of sb.+ (not) to do sth.
如:It’s kind of you to help me.
2. 句式: 主语+ be +形容词+enough + to do sth.
如: They are patient enough to wait for me for 2 hours.
3. 句子的不同成分:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语。
9A Unit 2
固定结构:would rather…than…宁愿。。。也不愿。。。
如:On such a rainy day, I would rather stay at home than go out.
固定结构:prefer… to… 宁愿。。。不愿。。。, 比起。。。更喜欢。。。
如:I prefer red to blue.
On such a rainy day, I prefer staying at home to going out.
不定代词:someone /somebody, anyone / anybody, no one / nobody
something, anything, nothing, none
作主语时为单数,形容词后置。
9A Unit 3
1. 疑问词+ to do
如:I don’t know how to do it./ what to do.
We haven’t decided when to have the meeting.
2.句子种类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。
3.宾语补足语。如:We find him a good boy / good.
4. 5种句子结构 主语+ 谓语 Millie is reading.
主语+ 谓语+ 宾语 Millie is reading a book.
主语+ 谓语+ 表语 Millie is here.
主语 + 谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 We gave him a book.
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补 We call him Tom.
9A Unit 4
1. 介词短语:between…. and…., from…. to….
2. 连词:before, after, until / not… until
3. 连词:while & as
While + 进行时,进行时 while / as + 进行时, 非进行时(短暂性动词)
As + 非进行时(短暂性动词),非进行时(短暂性动词)
9A Unit 5
1.过去完成时 had + PP(过去分词)
2.用should, ought to, had better, have to, must 表示建议。
否定形式: ought not to had better not, don’t have to / needn’t
3. 用 why not, why don’t you, perhaps 来表示建议,要放在句首。
9A Unit 6
1.易混淆的单词: bring /take, hear/ listen, see/ look/ watch, come / go
2.有时态变化的间接引语。
时间状语的变化(P 103)
疑问句变为间接引语时,要注意疑问语序要变为陈述语序、句尾标点符号。
9B Unit 1
1. 用can / could, may / might 来表示允许。四单词正式语气递增。
2. that 引导的宾语从句。
3.If / whether引导的宾语从句。
9B Unit 2
1.由疑问词引导的宾语从句。
2.i n order to do & as a result
3. need to do , need 有时态变化,否定形式要用助动词 do. does, did

回答2:

非谓语动词
时态(过去式。现在完成时和过去完成时重点)
固定搭配
从句(同位语,定语从句,名词性从句重点)
一些日常用语

回答3:

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回答4:

八大时态及对应的被动语态
动词不定式,动名词做宾语
各种从句包括定语从句,状语从句,
直接引语变间接引语
情态动词

回答5:

名词----单复数,所有格。
冠词----定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词。
形容词,副词----用法,比较级,最高级。
数词---基数词,序数词及其用法。
代词----人称,物主,反身,不定等各种代词的用法及区别。
介词---区别及固定搭配。
连词---用法。
动词---谓语动词(时态,语态,主谓一致),非谓语动词

回答6:

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