英语语音规则有哪些？

语音规则 1、 音节。音节由字母构成，一个音节有一个元音或一个元音加一个或几个辅音 组成。开音节：以元音字母结尾的音节叫开音节。元音字母后有一个辅音字 母，还有一个不读音的元音字母 e，这样的音节也称开音节。闭音节：元音字 母之后，有一个或几个辅音字母结尾的重读音节称为闭音节。 e.g. cake ,bat; she, end; ice, thin; close, clock; pupil, sun。 2、 一般疑问句一般用升调， 特殊疑问句一般用降调。 e,g. Are you American? No, I’m not. I’m Australian. / Which class are you in? I’m in Class four。 3、 在连贯地说话或朗读时，短语或句子中相邻的词如果前一个词的末尾是辅 音，后一个词的词尾是元音，就要连读。e.g. it is , learn a lot , What about you? 4、 以字母 r 或 re 结尾的单词与后面元音开头的单词连读时，r 或 re 要发/r/ 音。 e.g. a pair of, there is, there are。 5、 and, to, at, of, us 和 an 在弱读时分别念作/ n/。e.g. read and write, an hour。 6、 爆破音 p,b,t,d,k,g 相邻时，或在/ /, / /, /m/, /n/ , / /, / /, / /, / s / 等音素 nd/, /t /, / t/, / v/, / s/,和/ 的前面时发不完全爆破音，即口腔部位与爆破音相同，只是不送气而停顿一 下。e,g, next to, a good child, a big blackboard。 7、 在连读时，有时一个音因受另一个音的影响而发成了着两个音只外的第三个 音，着叫做音的同化。e. g.Did you enjoy yourselves? Nice to meet you.？ 8、 名词、动词、 （除 be 动词、助动词和情态动词外） 、形容词、副词、数词和 感叹词在句子中一般要重读。冠词、代词、连词和介词在句子中一般不重读。 e.g. The film began at ten past eight。 9、 在句子中，表达连贯意思的几个词叫意群，应连在一起读或说。意群之间可 以稍作停顿，用单竖线“│”表示。而句子与句子之间的停顿稍长些，用双 竖线“‖”表示。 e.g. Last Friday afternoon, │ our school had an English speech contest│ in Room 306 │of our new audio-visual building. ‖ It began│ at 1:30 p.m. ‖ Twelve students │took part in it. ‖ Some of them spoke about the importance of English.

(i) the phonemes /p/, /t/, /k/, /n/, /w/, /l/, /m/, /f/ (and in
some dialects, a quick /j/) can only be preceded by /s/, and not by any other
consonant; conversely, /s/ can only precede these consonants, and not others,
e.g., /*sb/, /*sv/, /*sh/, etc. (note: /sf/ is very
limited in productivity, mainly appearing in technical terminology. The
most common example is sphere and its various related words. /sv/ appears in
svelte, which is a loanword from French.)

(ii)/ɹ/ can only follow /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/, /f/,
/v/, /ʃ/, and /θ/, in a consonant cluster, and not others. (note: /vr/ is so unproductive that it only appears in vroom,
an onomatopoeia.)

(iii)not all
three-consonant clusters can appear in
syllable-initial position, but only
/s/^voiceless plosive^/l/ or /r/, e.g., scream /skɹiːm/, splay /spleɪ/,
strange /stɹeɪnʤ/, spring /spɹɪŋ/, etc

(iv)/ŋ/ never appears after long vowels or diphthongs

(v)/ʧ/, /ʤ/, and /ð/ do not cluster

(vi)/ɹ/, /w/, and /l/ only occur alone, or in a cluster
following another consonant

(vii)/h/, /w/, and /j/ do not appear in syllable-final
position

(viii)/ɛ/, /æ/, /ɒ/, /ʌ/, /ɪ/, and /ʊ/ have to be followed by
another phone

(ix)/ʊ/ cannot appear at syllable-initial position

(x)/ʒ/ cannot appear at the beginning of a word except in
loanwords, e.g., genre

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