推荐回答(5个)
宋词一般分为北宋、南宋两个时期。
北宋初期,晏殊晏几道父子、欧阳修等人的写作以小令为主,基本上沿袭五代词风。至柳永出,宋词才有了大的拓展。在内容方面,柳词多反映封建士人怀才不遇、穷愁潦倒的生活与情感;在形式上,他发展长调体制,填写了许多“慢词”。柳词还善于铺叙和展衍,语言通俗,长于白描,是婉约派的代表人物。苏轼以其《东坡乐府》打破了“词为艳科”的旧框架,以黄钟大吕之巨响,开出惊涛拍岸之新天地,人称“豪放派”。从此,咏史、怀古、说理、谈玄、议论等无不可入词。以苏轼为中心,元佑词林出现了黄庭坚、秦观、晁补之、张耒等著名词人,形成了词作的鼎盛局面。周邦彦集婉约派之大成,其词格律精严,风致醇雅,在格律规范化和表现技巧方面作出了楷模,人称“词林正宗”。北宋末年李清照于“苏豪”、“柳俗”、“周律”之外另避蹊径,形成“易安体”。前期词多写闺中少女情思,后招多悲叹身世,感慨时事。其词清新雅洁,文词优美,为一代词坛高手。
南宋初年词风大变,李纲、张元干等抗金志士写出了一大批爱国主义词作。稍后大词人辛弃疾横空出世,以磅礴之气势、遒劲之风格,昂扬踔厉之精神面貌表现出强烈的爱国主义激情,开创了气吞万里如虎的壮美境界。张孝祥、陆游、陈亮、刘过等人的词作亦闪灼着爱国主义的光辉。姜燮继承发展了周邦彦的词风,其词讲究词藻音律,“襟韵高、风神潇洒”,成为南宋格律派的代表人物,卢祖皋、史达祖、吴文英、蒋捷、王沂孙、张炎、周密等人皆属于格律派,有不同程度的唯美主义倾向。南宋末年,民族矛盾激化,文天祥、汪元量、刘辰翁等辛派词人,以其英雄主义气慨为宋词划上了最后的句号。
今人唐宋词选本很多,兹介绍两种:一是俞平伯的《唐宋词选释》人民文学出版社1979年版,共选词251首,分为三卷,所选之词大体上体现了词家风格和词的发展途径;注释多有新意。二是社会科学院文学研究所的《唐宋词选》人民文学出版社1981年版,选词312首,由作品、注释、说明、作家小传几部分构成。选录作品以苏丰词为重点,注释较为详尽。
一种文体, 讲究压韵,在宋朝兴盛,可以配乐成为歌曲.
宋朝流行起来的一种文体,讲究压韵 ,类似与唐诗
也可称长短句
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