1介词的种类
介词由字形上可分为以下两种:
1.简单介词:只是一个单词,如:in,on,after……。
2.短语介词:由两个以上单词集合而成,如:out of,
in front of,because of,instead of。
2 介词短语的用法
The girl with long hair is my sister.
有着一头长发的女孩是我姐姐。
Nancy put her pen on the desk.
南希把她的笔放在桌上。
介词+名词(代词),形成介同短语,可以作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
1.作定语
The book on the desk is mine.
桌子上的书是我的。
He bought a house of five rooms.
他买了一所有五个房间的房子。
比较
形容词作定语与介词短语作定语的区别:
注意
介词短语作定语时,一律后置。
2.作状语(修饰动词、形容词、副词及全句)
比较
副词作状语与介词短语作状语:
3.作表语
He is in danger.
他处于危险之中。
We are against(for) you.
我们反对(赞成)你。
It was because of the heavy rain, we couldn't
go out.因为这场大雨,我们出不去了。
4作宾语补足语
Make yourself at home.
放松一些,就和在你自己家一样。
We made him out of danger.
我们使他脱离了危险。
介词和动词、形容词或名词相结合后,形成复合词,有特定的意思,应一一背诵。将介词短语分类如下:
1.动词+介词 (talk about~,look at~)
2.be动词+形容词+介词(be kind to~)
3.介词+名词 (at home,on foot,in time)
1.动词+介词
talk about(sth.):谈论某事
They are talking about their school.
他们正在谈论他们的学校。
2.talk to sb.(=talk with sb.):和某人谈论
Don't talk to your desk mate,Li Ming.
李明,不要和你的同桌说话。
3.look at:注视
She looked at the blackboard,but saw nothing.
她盯着黑板看,但什么也看不见。
4.listen to:倾听
I listened to him,but heard nothing.
我注意听他说话,但什么也听不见。
5.call on(sb.):拜访
He called on his uncle yesterday.
昨天他看望了他的叔叔。
6.arrive at(in):到达
We arrived at the station at noon.
我们中午到达车站。
We arrived in Beijing last year.
我们去年到(达)北京。
注意
arrive at(in)中的介词at用于比较小的地方。in用于比较大的地方。
注意
口语中常用get to代替arrive at(in)。
I'll get to the factory at three.
我将在三点钟到工厂。
7.take care of:照顾
The old men were taken good care of.
老人们受到了很好的照顾。
8.wait for:等待
I'll wait for you until eight o'clock.
我等你到八点钟。
9.look for:寻找
I looked for my watch every place but I didn't find it.
我到处找我的表,但是没找到。
必背!
其他重要的介词短语
speak to 和……说话
stay with 和某人呆在一起
think about 考虑有关……
write to 给某人写信
2 be动词+形容词+介词
1.be kind to:对某人亲切
His step-mother was kind to him.
他的继母对他很好。
2.be good at:在……做得好;擅长于……
Are you good at speaking English?
你英语说得好吗?
3.be late for:迟到
He is always late for school.
他上学总是迟到。
4.be afraid of:害怕……
The boy isn't afraid of big dogs.
这个男孩不怕大狗。
5.be sorry for(sth.):为……抱歉
I'm sorry for being late.
抱歉,我迟到了。
必背!
其他重要的介词短语
be absent from 缺席
be proud of 以……为自豪
be different from 和……不同
be famous for 因……而著名
be fond of…… 爱好,喜欢
be pleased with 乐于
3 介词+名词
《介词+名词》的介词短语,大多作为副词使用。
1.at:
at home 在家
at school 在学校
at least 至少
at present 目前
at first 起初
at once 立刻
at last 最后(终于)
at night 夜晚
语词互换
be good at
=can…well
他游泳游得很好。
He is good at swimming.
He can swim well be full of
=be filled with
箱子里都是(装满了)苹果。
The box is full of apples.
The box is filled with apples.
2.on:
on foot 步行
on one’s way 在去某地的路上
on the telephone 用电话
on time 准时
3.for:
for a while 一会儿
for example 例如
for oneself 为了自己
for hours(days, years)有好几小时(天,年)
4.in:
in English 用英语
in those days在当时
in class 课上
in time 及时
5.by:
by the way 顺便说 by oneself 独自地
6.其他:
after shcool 放学后
of course 当然
第一题,这的to是表示目的的意思.表示几乎没有东西吃,没有房子住
第2题,这里的是where这个疑问副词提问,副词不能加介词,所以不加to.
总的来说,动词加介词是因为动词是不及物动词,需要用介词来表达动作的承受者.
live in 是固定搭档 而且只能在live in 后面接宾语 所以要加In 你听说过Live the room 的吗? 没有把 都是live in the room 所以第一题要有in
第二题 where是副词 所以介词要省略