达芬奇生平简介（英文）

1、英文

Leonardo Da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452, three hours after night in the town of Toscany Hills. Little is known about Leonardo Da Vinci's childhood. 

He lived in the town of Finch with his mother before he was five years old and with his father, grandparents and uncle Francesco after 1457.

At the age of 15, he went to Florence to study art, grew up as a scientifically literate painter, sculptor, and became a military engineer and architect.

He graduated from the Italian Institute of Technology in 1482 and became a famous Italian architect and painter. He carried out creative and research activities in the noble court.

In 1513, when he moved to Rome, Rome was not a very pleasant place for Leonardo. He stopped there for a short time and met Michelangelo and other artists in Rome at that time.

But he did not reveal any artistic genius. He was basically studying magic tricks there, so that the Romans thought he was a wizard.

In 1516, Leonardo Da Vinci went to France, and finally settled in Ambvas. In his later years, he seldom painted and devoted himself to scientific research. 

When he died, he left a large number of notes and manuscripts covering almost everything from physics, mathematics to biology and anatomy.

2、中文

1452年的4月15日达芬奇出生在夜幕降临三个小时后的芬奇（托斯卡纳小山镇），关于达·芬奇的童年我们所知甚少。他五岁前和母亲一起居住在芬奇的村镇，1457年以后和他的父亲、祖父母、叔叔Francesco居住在芬奇小镇。

他15岁左右到佛罗伦萨拜师学艺，成长为具有科学素养的画家、雕刻家，并成为军事工程师和建筑师。

1482年应聘到米兰后毕业于意大利理工学院成为意大利著名建筑师、画家，在贵族宫廷中进行创作和研究活动。

1513年，移居罗马，罗马对于列昂纳多来说并不是很讨人喜欢的地方。他在那里做了短暂的停留，见到了米开朗基罗和其他当时在罗马的艺术家。

但并没有显露他任何的艺术天才。他在那里基本上是研究一些类似于魔法的小把戏，以至于罗马人当他是巫师一类的人物。

1516年，达·芬奇赴法国，最后定居昂布瓦斯。晚年极少作画，潜心科学研究，去世时留下大量笔记手稿，内容从物理、数学到生物解剖，几乎无所不包。

扩展资料：

达·芬奇解决了造型艺术三个领域——建筑、雕刻、绘画中的重大问题：

（1）解决了纪念性中央圆屋顶建筑物设计和理想城市的规划问题。

（2）解决了15世纪以来雕刻家深感棘手的骑马纪念碑雕像的问题。

（3）解决了当时绘画中两个重要领域——纪念性壁画和祭坛画的问题。

达·芬奇的艺术作品不仅能像镜子似的反映事物，而且还以思考指导创作，从自然界中观察和选择美的部分加以表现。

壁画《最后的晚餐》、祭坛画《岩间圣母》和肖像画《蒙娜丽莎》是他一生的三大杰作。这三幅作品是达·芬奇为世界艺术宝库留下的珍品中的珍品，是欧洲艺术的拱顶之石。

《蒙娜丽莎》的原型是威尼斯公爵夫人，当时威尼斯公爵请达·芬奇为其夫人画一幅肖像，而当这幅画作完成之后，达·芬奇因为太喜欢这幅画，不舍得交工，就连夜打包，和仆人一起逃跑了。蒙娜丽莎的右手更被称为“美术史上最美的一只手”。

《最后的晚餐》绘制在米兰格雷契修道院饭厅的墙壁上。达·芬奇一改前人绘制“最后晚餐”围桌而座的布局，让所有人物坐成一排面向观众，而耶稣基督坐在最中间。

参考资料来源：百度百科——达·芬奇

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (pronunciation (help·info)), April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519) was a prominent Italian polymath: scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, painter, sculptor, architect, musician and writer.

The illegitimate son of a notary, Messer Piero, and a peasant girl, Caterina, Leonardo had no surname in the modern sense, "da Vinci" simply meaning "of Vinci": his full birth name was "Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci", meaning "Leonardo, son of (Mes)ser Piero from Vinci."

Leonardo has often been described as the archetype of the "Renaissance man" or universal genius, a man whose seemingly infinite curiosity was equalled only by his powers of invention. He is widely considered to be one of the greatest painters of all time and perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived.[2]

It is primarily as a painter that Leonardo was and is renowned. Two of his works, the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper occupy unique positions as the most famous, most reproduced and most imitated portrait and religious painting of all time, their fame approached only by Michelangelo's Creation of Adam. Leonardo's drawing of the Vitruvian Man is also iconic. Perhaps fifteen paintings survive, the small number due to his constant, and frequently disastrous, experimentation with new techniques, and his chronic procrastination.[3] Nevertheless these few works, together with his notebooks, which contain drawings, scientific diagrams, and his thoughts on the nature of painting, comprise an unmatched contribution to later generations of artists.

As an engineer, Leonardo conceived ideas vastly ahead of his own time, conceptualising a helicopter, a tank, concentrated solar power, a calculator, and the double hull, and outlining a rudimentary theory of plate tectonics. Relatively few of his designs were constructed or even feasible during his lifetime,[4] but some of his smaller inventions such as an automated bobbin winder and a machine for testing the tensile strength of wire entered the world of manufacturing unheralded. As a scientist, he greatly advanced the state of knowledge in the fields of anatomy, civil engineering, optics, and hydrodynamics.

As an engineer, Leonardo conceived ideas vastly ahead of his own time, conceptualising a helicopter, a tank, concentrated solar power, a calculator, and the double hull, and outlining a rudimentary theory of plate tectonics. Relatively few of his designs were constructed or even feasible during his lifetime,[4] but some of his smaller inventions such as an automated bobbin winder and a machine for testing the tensile strength of wire entered the world of manufacturing unheralded. As a scientist, he greatly advanced the state of knowledge in the fields of anatomy, civil engineering, optics, and hydrodynamics.