亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)与盐酸反应放出红棕色气体的化学方程式怎么写?

红棕色气体应为NO2
2025-04-08 00:49:45
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

(1)NaNO2+HCl→HNO2+NaCl 生成的亚硝酸不稳定,易被氧化

⑵氧化性

亚硝酸及其盐中N原子具有中间氧化态+3,虽然它们既具有氧化性,又具有还原性,但以氧化性为主。而且它的氧化能力在稀溶液时比NO3-离子还强,这一点从它们在酸性溶液中的标准电极电势值可以看出:

在酸性溶液中,HNO2的值均比HNO3的高,所以在稀溶液中NO2可以将,而区别之一。这个反应可用于鉴定NO2离子。

⑶还原性

虽然在酸性溶液中HNO2是个较强的氧化剂,但遇到比它氧化性更强的KMnO4、Cl2等强氧化剂时,它也可以表现出还原性,被氧化为硝酸盐:

在碱性溶液中NO2--的还原性是主要的,空气中的氧就能把NO2-氧化成NO3-。

⑷NO2离子易生成配位化合物

在NO2离子中,N原子和O原子上都有孤电子对,它们能分别与许多过渡金属离子生成配位键,形成配位化合物,例如:和等,它与离子生成黄色的沉淀,此方法可用于鉴定离子的反应:

⑸亚硝酸盐具有很高的热稳定性,可用金属在高温下还原硝酸盐的方法来制备亚硝酸盐:

Pb(粉)+NaNO3====PbO + NaNO2

亚硝酸盐除黄色的AgNO2不溶于水外,一般都易溶于水,亚硝酸盐有毒,是致癌物质。

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