双金属复合钢管冷复合工艺优点与缺点是什么?

2025-04-01 01:04:45
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

(一)双金属复合管的冶金复合:
双金属复合管的冶金复合是用爆炸复合、堆焊、双熔体工艺复合而成,其两复合界面是冶金熔合在一起。特征:复合界面带宽、熔合两种金属;复合牢固;导热、导音、导电没有界;冷热缩胀一致。这工艺复合的内衬不锈钢复合钢管,英国早在1967年开始试验,成功地开发了T310不锈钢外层和125号钢为内层得内衬不锈钢复合钢管等。满足电力和纸浆工业所需的高温强度,耐腐蚀性能。全世界的锅炉制造商对双金属管作为先进装置的过热材料感兴趣(这种装置80~89kg/mm的高压和593~650°C的高温运行)。1976年开始在发电锅炉中安装这种内衬不锈钢复合钢管,解决了锅炉管外部炉边腐蚀问题,其耐腐蚀能力可提高2~4倍。
(二)双金属复合管的扩散(弥散)复合:
双金属复合管的扩散(弥散)复合是用机械复合后在1050°C进行1 h~4 h的扩散退火时,由于C原子等的扩散,界面附近微观区域中有第二相形成.随扩散时间延长,第二相分布带变宽,界面硬度提高,界面剪切强度也提高,可以使不锈钢内管与低碳钢外管之间实现牢固接近冶金结合,其界面剪切强度可达400 MPa以上。纸浆工业使用内衬不锈钢复合钢管克服炉边熔融硫酸/硫化液引起的严重腐蚀。适合温度250~550°C。
(三)双金属复合管机械复合:
双金属复合管机械复合是第一代内衬不锈钢复合钢管生产方法。通常两根分别制造的钢管一根套入另一根里然后通过冷滚压、拉模冷拔、液压冷胀以达到配合的机械复合的。没有扩散接合面限于250°C以下低导热工艺过程中,用于酿造厂热交换器和醋酸装置的余热锅炉的热交换器管。

(四)内衬不锈钢复合钢管:

内衬不锈钢复合钢管是通过冷滚压复合技术,将内管为不锈钢,外管镀锌钢管复合而成。复合器向外滚压使外管发生弹性变形,内管发生塑性变形,二者产生过盈配合,紧密贴合。该复合技术的优点是:结合强度、致密性高,成型率高,能耗低,速度快,代表了当今机械复合技术的水平。他分成:
(1)适量复合:复合界面接合距离用电子显微镜测量大于25μ,复合强度为大于0.2 MPa,执行CJ/T192-2004《内衬不锈钢复合钢管》城乡建筑行业标准。用于给排水管道、管道直饮水管道、喷雾消防管道、净化气体、净化液体的柔性腐蚀低压管道;
(2) 过盈复合:复合界面接合距离用电子显微镜测量5~25μ,复合强度为 2~4Mpa,执行SY/T6623-2005《内覆或衬里耐腐蚀合金复合钢管规范》石油天然气行业标准;
(3) 过量复合:复合界面接合距离用电子显微镜测量小于5μ,复合强度为大于 4Mpa。

回答2:

1、冷成型法(冷拔或冷轧减径)

优点:生产工艺比较简单,成本较低;

缺点:界面非扩散结合,只是依靠对内外层进行冷加工来获得紧密配合的机械结合, 因此在高温环境下会因产生应力松弛而分层失效。

2、热成型法

(热轧)

优点:生产率高、成本低

缺点:大多数易氧化黑色金属材料的组合不能通过轧制实现复合。

(热挤压)

优点:界面为冶金结合,挤压过程中涉及的力完全是压应力,因此特别适合于热加工性不好、塑性低的高合金金属的加工;

缺点:由于结合决定于挤压过程中极短时间内的元素界面扩散,通常会因氧化物膜的存在而受到影响,界面应力集中的问题难以克服。

(离心铝热法)

优点:界面实现冶金结合,致密度高,排渣、排气性好;

缺点:若没有其后的热变形,仅限于铸态使用,复层成分控制困难,且复层粗大的铸态组织导致复层金属的机械性能不能充分发挥。

(爆炸焊成型法)

优点:覆层可小于0.2mm, 并且可实现多种金属间的连接;

缺点:界面非扩散冶金结合,存在很大的界面应力。覆层厚度受限制。

(电磁成型法)

优点:压接质量好,而且局部出现熔合,电磁成型的噪

音小、效率高,可无缺陷连接性质迥异的两种金属;

缺点:仅适于加工铜或铝等强度低、导电性高的材料,不适于加工钢铁材料。生产费用高.

回答3:

双金属复合钢管冷复合工艺优点与缺点是什么?
答:
1) 双金属复合钢管冷复合工艺定义 :在常温,有冷却液冷却的复合;
2) 双金属复合钢管冷复合工艺分类:A、B、C、

回答4:

好详细啊

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