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This paper studies the singles image based on the 3d shape shadow information, including restoration algorithm to determine the object surface toward information and discusses toward information based on the 3d recovery. SFS algorithm in typical algorithms, a deep research of SFS minimization algorithm design method, the iterative Horn smooth constraint minimize algorithm, detailed iteration step. Especially for SFS research problems of the research on one of semi-captive model, tries to find a more suitable constraint model, these additional constraints and the original irradiance equation simultaneous solution, can produce more stable and accurate solution algorithm using classic methods SFS problem solution by means of variational method, in view of the ideal light and lang "body model, the first in the right under constraint model constructed corresponding functional, using the variational method to solve the euler equation, thus out the function of minimum; This paper also introduces a new comprehensive constraint model, and gives out the minimization of variational solving process. In virtual reality get with matlab simple object 2-d gray-level image simulation that this algorithm decreases the excessive smoothing and regain seemingly squashed distortion.