深基坑土层湿作业成孔锚杆支护和干作业的区别

2025-03-31 23:59:49
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

层锚杆的施工过程包括成孔、安放拉杆、灌浆和张拉锁定等工序。
①成孔土层锚杆的成孔可采用螺旋式钻孔机、旋转冲击式钻孔机和冲击式钻孔机。应用较多的是压水钻进法成孔工艺。它可把成孔过程中的钻进、出渣、清孔等工序一次完成。当土层无地下水时,亦可用螺旋钻干作业法成孔。
②安放拉杆 拉杆在使用前要除锈,钢绞线要清除油脂。土层锚杆的全长一般在10m以上,长的达到30m。
③灌浆 是土层锚杆施工中的一个关键工序。锚杆灌浆一般用纯水泥浆,水泥常用普通硅酸盐水泥,地下水如有腐蚀性,宜用防酸水泥。水灰比多用0.4左右,其流动度要适合泵送,为防止泌水、干缩和降低水灰比,可掺加0.3%的木质素磺酸钙。常用的灌浆方法为一次灌浆法,即利用压浆泵将水泥浆经胶管压人拉杆内,再由拉杆管端注入锚孔,灌浆压力为0.4MPa。待浆液流出孔口时,用水泥袋纸塞人孔内,用湿粘土堵塞孔口,严密捣实,再以 400~600kPa的压力进行补灌,稳压数分钟即告完成。
④张拉和锁定 土层锚杆灌浆后,预应力锚杆还需张拉锁定。张拉锁定作业在锚固体及台座的混凝土强度达15MPa以上时进行。

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