◎ Method of Equal Distances (MED)等距法(MED)◎ Mean-Square-Error Method (MSEM)均方误差法(MSEM)◎ Method of Equal Areas (MEA) 等面积法(MEA)◎ Method of Exact Doppler Spread (MEDS)精确多普勒扩展法(MEDS) ◎ Monte Carlo Method (MCM)蒙特卡罗法(MCM)