仅用新制的氢氧化铜悬浊液一种试剂就可鉴别乙醇,甘油,乙醛乙酸,乙酸乙酯,葡萄糖溶液(必要时可加热)

都有什么现象来区分,最好详细点的
2025-03-14 22:41:20
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

与乙醇互溶;与甘油生成绛蓝色溶液;
与乙醛加热生成砖红色沉淀,过滤后滤液中再加氢氧化铜悬浊液,蓝色絮状物溶解。(加热时生成了乙酸)
与乙酸发生中和,蓝色絮状物溶解,浊液变澄清。
加入乙酸乙酯分层
与葡萄糖加热生成砖红色沉淀。过滤后滤液中再加氢氧化铜悬浊液,蓝色絮状物不溶。

回答2:

乙醇,互溶
甘油,生成绛蓝色溶液(多元醇的性质)
乙醛,互溶,加热后有砖红色沉淀
乙酸,沉淀溶解,变为天蓝色
乙酸乙酯,分层
葡萄糖溶液,互溶,加热有砖红色沉淀
乙醛,和葡萄糖溶液,可以闻气味鉴别

回答3:

新制氢氧化铜与乙醇:无明显现象,不反应,不过由于稀释颜色会变浅;
与甘油:变成绛蓝色溶液,原因是反应生成了蓝色可溶性的甘油铜;
与乙醛:加热有红色沉淀生成;
与乙酸:变澄清的蓝色溶液,酸碱中和反应;
与乙酸乙酯:乙酸乙酯不溶于水,会在表面形成一层油层;
与葡萄糖溶液:先形成绛蓝色溶液,然后加热(我自己想的,呵呵)生成砖红色沉淀。
呵呵,就这么多,好久没学化学,忘干净了,找了找就找着这么多,呵呵,应该差不多了,翻一下书,再系统的整理一下就可以了,呵呵。

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