广州06年各科中考试卷及答案

2024-12-23 04:50:54
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

广州市2006年初中毕业生学业考试
物 理
本试卷分第一部分(选择题)和第二部分(非选择题)两部分:第一部分1至3页,
第二部分4至8页,满分为100分。考试时间80分钟。
注意事项:
1.答题前,考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、
考场试室号、座位号;再用2B铅笔把对应该两号码的标号涂黑。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改
动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域
内的相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案,改动的答
案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的
答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
5.全卷共六大题,请考生检查题数。
第一部分 选择题(共36分)
一、选择题(每小题3分,共36分)
每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个是正确的,请把正确的答案选出来。
1.能源可以分为可再生能源(可在自然界里源源不断地得到的能源)和不可再生能源
(不可能短期内从自然界得到补充的能源)。下列能源属于不可再生能源的是
A.水的动能 B.风能 C.石油 D.太阳能
2.下列说法中正确的是
A.半导体在任何情况下都不能导电 B.超导体的电阻为零
C.原子不可再分 D.纳米是比米大的长度单位 3.下列现象中属于液化现象的是
A.加在饮料中的冰块化为水 B.晒在太阳下的湿衣服变干
C.刚从冰箱拿出的冰棍周围冒出“白气” D.冰箱冷冻室内壁出现白色的“霜”
4.下列哪个现象可以说明分子是在不停地做热运动的
A.水从高处向低处流 B.风吹树叶动
C.尘土飞扬 D.公园里花香四溢
5.中国是掌握空中加油技术的少数国家之一.如图1所示,加油过程中加油机、受油机
沿同一方向以相同的速度水平飞行.这时候以下面的哪一物体为参照物,认为加油机是运动的
A.受油机
B.大地
C.加油机里的飞行员
D.受油机里的飞行员

6.关于家庭电路和安全用电,下列说法正确的是
A.应该用湿抹布擦拭正在发光的白炽灯 B.家庭电路中的用电器都是串联的
C.湿衣服可以晾在通电电线上 D.在我国家庭照明电路的电压是220V
7.以下各图下方关于该图的说法错误的是

A.鱼线的拉 B.瓶对海绵 C.球拍对球 D.脚踢球使球飞出
力使钓鱼杆 的压力使海 的作用力改变 去,说明力是维
发生形变 绵发生形变 球的运动方向 持运动的原因
8.发生以下哪一事件会使汽车上的乘客突然往后倾
A.汽车突然刹车 B.汽车突然减速 C.汽车突然起动 D.汽车突然拐弯
9.下列现象中哪一个是通过做功使物体内能增加的
A.两手相互摩擦,手的温度升高 B.用煤气炉给水加热
C.用灌了热水的热水袋取暖 D.冬天太阳下的人会觉得温暖
10.下列电器属于利用电流热效应工作的是
A.电铃 B.电热毯 C.电视机 D.电风扇
11.下列关于力做功的说法,正确的是
A.人提着箱子站在地面不动,手的拉力对箱子没有做功
B.人把箱子从二楼提到三楼,手的拉力对箱子没有做功
C.汽车在水平公路上匀速行驶,汽车所受重力对汽车有做功
D.过山车向下运动过程中,车上乘客所受重力对乘客没有做功
12.“猴子捞月”的寓言故事说,猴子看到井中有个月亮(如图6),以为月亮掉进井
水中了,以下说法中正确的是
A.水中出现月亮属于光的反射现象
B.水中出现月亮属于光的折射现象
C.水中的月亮到水面的距离比天上的月亮到水面的距离近
D.水中的月亮比天上的月亮小

第二部分 非选择题(共64分)
注意事项:
必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔把答案直接写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应
位置上,在本试卷上作答无效.
二、填空题(每空格1分,共16分)
13.水沸腾过程中水的温度_ (选填“升高”、“下降”或“不变”),该过程
水 (选填“吸热”、“放热”或“不吸热也不放热”).标准大气压下,酒精的
熔点是-117℃、沸点是78℃;水银的熔点是-39℃、沸点是357℃.你认为要测沸水的温度应
选用_ (选填“酒精”或“水银”)温度计.液体温度计是利用液体_ 的性
质来测量温度的.
14.(l)小明学了“电磁波”和“声波”这两部分内容后做了如下的知识归纳表,表
中 和 的说法是错的.(填写表中序号)
波的种类 电磁波 声波
传播速度 ①真空中所有电磁波的传播速
度都是 3 ×108m/s ②声波在固、液、气三态中的传播速度
相同
传播介质 ③电磁波的传播一定要有介质 ④声波传播一定要有介质
应用事例 ⑤用于无线电通讯 ③超声波用于清洁物品
(2)车门车窗己关闭的汽车内的乘客几乎听不到外面的声音,这是从 途径减
少噪声;广州市区内禁鸣喇叭是从 途径减少噪声。

15.(1)用如图7的滑轮组把货物拉上货仓,货物重500N,用350N的力F拉绳端使货物匀速
上升1m,此过程有用功为 J,总功为 J,滑轮组的机械效率为 .

(2)用杆秤(如图8)测量鱼的质量,当秤钩挂在A点,绳纽挂在O点(支点),秤锤挂在B
点时杆秤处于平衡状态.AO是10cm,BO是30cm,秤锤的质量是0.5kg,鱼的质量是 kg.
16.(1)图9甲中一体积为 1.0×10-4m3实心物体A悬挂在弹簧测力计下,弹簧测力计读
数为2.8N,物体A的密度为 kg/m3(g取10N/kg).若把物体完全浸没在某种液体中时,
弹簧测力计的读数变为1.8N (如图9乙),物体在这种液体中受到的浮力是 N.
(2)现有水银(ρ=13.6×103kg/m3)、水(ρ=1.0×103kg/m3)、酒精(ρ=0.8×103kg/m3),
把物体A(不改变形状)分别放入上述三种液体中(三种液体足够多),A会在其中的 _中
处于悬浮或漂浮状态.
(3)图10是水、水银、酒精的质量一一体积图象,其中 是水银的质量一-体积图线(选
填“a”、“b”或“c”)

三、作图题(9分)
17.(3分)一木块在外力作用下沿水平木板向右匀速运动(如图11),用示意图表示木
块所受的牵引力、摩擦力和重力.

18.(1)(2分)根据光的反射规律,画出图12中光线AO经平面镜反射后的反射光线,
并在图中标出反射角大小;
(2)( l分)画出图13中的光线AB经过凸透镜后的径迹.

19.(3分)游乐园里有一种游戏,铁棒在螺旋金属管里穿行,各不小心铁棒碰到金属管壁,
灯会亮和铃会响.小明经过观察发现,这套游戏装置除了小灯泡和电铃外,还有两节电池,而
铁棒和金属管可以看成是一个开关,请把你猜想的这会游戏装置的电路画在方框内(电路图
中电铃符号可用表示).并根据你猜想的电路图把图14中的实物连接完整.

四、计算题( 15分)
要求写出根据的主要公式或变形公式,代入数字,演算过程及结果都要在数字的后面写
上正确的单位.
20.(8分)通常情况下,物体压在同样的泥地上,如果压强相同则压痕深度相同.野生动
物调查员在野外泥地上发现黑熊刚留下的足印.为了估算黑熊的质量,他把一个底面积是
10cm2的容器放在足印附近的泥地上,再慢慢往容器中倒入沙子,直到容器在泥地上留下与
黑熊足印深度相同的痕迹,测出此时装了沙的容器总质量为1.25 kg.(g取10N/kg)
(l)装了沙的容器对泥地的压强多大?
(2)量出黑熊与地接触的足印痕总面积共800cm2,估算黑熊的质量有多大?

21.(7分)供电局以每两个月为一个抄表计费周期,小明家收到06年1、2月的电费通知
单,通知单上附有他家近几个月的用电量图表,如图15所示.

(l)根据以上图表提供的信息,填写下表中的空格
时间(年/月) 05/3、4 05/11、12 06/1、2
用电量( kW•h) 902.1
(2)与05年11、12月比较,小明家06年l、2月多用了一个额定电压220V、额定功率1100W
的电暖器,其他用电器的使用情况与05年11、12月相同.这台电暖器在额定电压下工作时电
流多大?请你估算小明家06年1、2月使用电暖器共多少小时?
五、问答题(5分)
22.用绳子把一个铁锁悬挂起来.把铁锁拉到刚好
贴着自己的鼻子,稳定后松手,头不动(如图16),铁
锁由开始位置a沿弧线ac向另一侧的最高点c运动,然
后再从c往回运动.
(l)从a点到最低点b点的过程中,铁锁的动能、重力
势能如何变化?
(2)从能的转化和守恒角度分析铁锁摆回时能否碰到
鼻子。
六、实验 探究题(共19分)
23.(6分)(1)图 17中,天平(已处于平衡状态)测出物体的质量是_ g,
图18中量筒中液体的体积 _mL,图19中弹簧测力计的读数是 N.

(2)用图20的电路测量导体R的电阻时,电压表、电流表的指针位置如图21所示,R两
端的电比为_ V、流过R的电流为__A,R的电阻为__Ω.

24.(6分)请你利用笔、尺、橡皮擦、纸、桌子这些器材中的一个或几个设计两个简易
小实验,并指出实验现象说明了什么物理规律.
示例:
(1)实验过程和现象:手在桌面上滑动,向下压力越大,滑动时感觉阻力越大
(2)实验结论:摩擦力的大小跟作用在物体表面的压力有关,压力越大,摩擦
力越大
实验1:(l)实验过程和现象:
(2)实验结论:
实验2:( l)实验过程和现象:
(2)实验结论:

25.(7分)( l)小芳在做探究感应电流方向与哪些因素有关时,猜想金属棒在磁场中运
动产生的感应电流的方向可能与磁场的方向有关,也可能与金属棒的运动方向有关。
她设计了如下实验,装置如图22.
①使金属棒向石运动,看到电流表指针向左偏.
②把磁铁南、北极上下对调,金属棒变为向左运动,
看到电流表指针仍向左偏.根据以上现象,小芳得出感应
电流的方向与磁场的方向、棒的运动方向无关的结论.
你认为小芳的结论正确吗?若认为正确请说明现由.
若有错,分析小芳得出错误结论的原因.

(2)下表是两位同学测量水的密度时不同的实验操作过程,哪位同学的实验误差会相对
较小?简要说明理由.
小芳的实验过程 小明的实验过程
①用天平测出装了适量水的烧杯的总质量m 1
②把烧杯中的水倒入量筒
②用天平测出倒水后烧杯的质量m 2
④求出倒入量筒中水的质量m=m 1-m 2
⑤记下量筒中水的体积V
⑥根据公式求出水的密度 ①用天平测出干燥的空烧杯的质量m 1
②把适量的水倒入烧杯
③用天平测出装了水的烧杯总质量m 2
④求出烧杯中水的质量m =m 2-m 1
⑤把烧杯中的水倒入量简
⑥记下量筒中水的体积V
⑦根据公式求出水的密度

广州市2006年初中毕业生学业考试
参考答案
一、选择题
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.A 12.A
二、填空题
13.不变,吸热,水银,热胀冷缩
14.(1)②、③;(2)阻断噪声的传播,防止噪声产生
15.(1)500,700,71.4%;(2)1.5
16.(1)2.8×103kg/m3,1;(2)水银;(3)a
三、作图题

四、计算题
20、解:容器和沙受到的重力为:G=mg=1.25kg×10N/kg=12.5N
容器对沙地的压力为:N=G=12.5N

容器对沙地的压强为: = =12.5×103 Pa

∵容器留下的痕迹和黑熊脚印的深度相同。
∴容器和黑熊对沙地的压强也相同
即:P2=P1=12.5×103 Pa
F2=P2S2=12.5×103 Pa×8×10-2m2=1×103N
黑熊对地的压力为:G= F2 =1×103N
黑熊的质量为: = = 100N
答:(略)
21、(1)339.0 537.0
(2) = = 5A
W = 537.0Kwh-339.0Kwh = 198Kwh

= =180h

答:(略)
五、问答题
22、(1)由a点到b点时,重力势能减少,动能增加。(2)不会碰到鼻子。

六、实验 探究题
23、 117g 30ml 2N 24、 2.4V 0.3A 8Ω
24、实验1:(1)将橡皮擦放在纸上,快速拖动纸后,橡皮擦留在原处。
(2)力改变纸的运动状态,橡皮擦由于惯性保持原来的静止状态。
实验2:(1)将尺子放在桌面伸出一部分,用手压住尺子的一端,用力敲尺子的另一端,尺子振动并发声。
(2)声音是由物体的振动而产生的。
25、(1)不正确。他改变导体运动方向的同时又改变了磁感线的方向。
(2)小芳的实验误差相对较小。小明所测水的体积偏小(因为将烧杯中的水倒入量筒中时,烧杯地沾一些水,不可能完全倒入量筒中)。

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http://www.maths168.com/Soft/cssx/200606/8135.html

广州市2006年初中毕业生学业考试
英语
第一部分(共100分)
一、听力(共20题,30分)
听取信息(共5小题,5分,每题1分)
1.听下面一段对话,请根据题目要求,从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息,填入答题卡号为A~E的空格中,听对话前,你有10秒钟的时间阅读题目:对话读两遍。
Name of Trip Afternoon Adventure Night Lights
Price ________yuan
80 yuan
Leaving Time 2.30 pm ________pm

Trip Length 3 hours 2 and a half hours
What to see  the countryside of Guangzhou
 many rice ______and animals
 beautiful city ________
 Guangdong music ______

2.对话理解(共10小题,15分,每小题1.5分)
听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个或几个小题,请根据所听到的内容从题中所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项,并涂在答题卡的相应位置。听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各小题,每小题3秒钟:每段对话读两遍。
听第一段对话,回答第1题。
1. Who lives in London?
A. Dr Johnson. B. Dr King. C. Peter.
听第二段对话,回答第2、3题。
2. What is Tina going to do?
A. Play in the park. B. Have a birthday party. C. Work in the bookshop.
3. Which of the following is Tina’s family tree?

听第三段对话,回答第4、5题。
4. When will Angelo have an important meeting?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
5. What does Ann believe the tea bag is good for?
A. Making people get up and dance. B. Keeping people awake at night.
C. Making people with colds feel better.
听第四段对话,回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the two speakers most possibly talking?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a market. C. In a fruit shop.
7. What fruit does the man finally ask for?
A. A pair of bananas. B. Two pears and a banana. C. A pear and two bananas.
听第五段对话,回答第8至10题。
8. Where is the doctor’s office?
A. No. 45 Smith Street. B. No. 51 West Street. C. No. 51 Smith Street.
9. When will John go to see the doctor?
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. Friday.
10. How will John go to the doctor’s office?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
3、讲话理解(共5小题,10分,每小题2分)
听下面一段讲话。讲话后有5个小题,请根据所听到的内容从题中所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项,并涂在答题卡的相应位置。听讲话前,你将有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟:
讲话读两遍。
11. What is the talk about?
A. The history of the Sydney Bridge. B. When to climb the Sydney Bridge.
C. Preparing to climb the Sydney Bridge.
12. Why must the climbers wear special black jackets?
A. To show they’re in the same climbing group.
B. To keep warm at the top of the bridge.
C. To hold their phones and keys.
13. What is the special radio used for?
A. Talking to the people 134 metres below. B. Listening to the introduction of the bridge.
C. Talking to the guide on the bridge.
14. How long will the group spend on the bridge?
A. Half an hour. B. One and a half hours. C. Two hours.
15. What can we learn from the talk?
A. The weather doesn’t change at the top of the bridge.
B. The bridge has a long and interesting history.
C. Safety is very important when climbing the bridge.
二、语言知识与运用 (共20小题,20分,每题1分)
在下列各题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
16. ---Hello. May I speak to Mrs White?
---Sorry. She is out right now. Can I ______ a message?
A. carry B. take C. leave D. give
17. If you don’t _______me by two o’clock today, it means I won’t be coming.
A. hear B. hear of C. hear from D. hear about
18. ---How much did this CD _______ you, Sally?
---I got it for 5 dollars.
A. use B. spend C. take D. cost
19. Sue got up very late this morning and that was ______she was late for school.
A. why B. what C. where D. whether

20. ---Would you mind _______me a sweater? I feel a little cold.
---Of course not. I’ll go and get it right now.
A. to get B. get C. getting D. will get
21. I’ve had ______bad headache all day, so I think I’ll go to _______bed early.
A. a; 不填 B. 不填; the C. 不填 ; 不填 D. a; the
22. ---Could you lend me your dictionary? I left _______ at home.
---Certainly.
A. it B. yours C. one D. mine
23. My aunt will arrive in Guangzhou _______the morning of July 15.
A. at B. on C. in D. till
24. As usual, Meihua _______at 6:30 this morning by her mother to get ready for school.
A. has woken up B. woke up C. wakes up D. was woken up
25. The bus _______ suddenly when a group of students ran onto the road.
A. stops B. stopped C. has stopped D. is stopping
26. My uncle used _______ a very good football player, but this was a long time ago.
A. to being B. being C. be D. to be
27. ---My car has broken down. Could you please give me a ride tomorrow?
---I’m sorry I ________. I’m leaving for London tonight.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t
28. ---Is _______true that Americans eat hamburgers and hot dogs every day?
---No, that’s not true, but they are both very popular foods in America.
A. this B. anything C. it D. something
29. ---I _______to get to the South Mall. Could you tell me which bus I should take?
---Just catch the No. 10 bus from here. It’s the 4th stop.
A. am trying B. would try C. tried D. have tried
30. ---How well did you do in the maths exam?
---Better than before. I think it was _______ difficult than the last one.
A. more B. less C. much D. very
31. ______Mrs Wilson came into the classroom, all the children welcomed her.
A. Whether B. As well as C. If D. As soon as
32. Liz is kind to others and she has always found it easy to _______ at school.
A. make friend B. make friend with C. make friends D. make friends with
33. _______weather we had on our holiday!
A. What a good B. How a good C. What good D. How good
34. We didn’t have enough chairs, _______some of the students had to sit on the floor.
A. but B. so C. or D. and
35. There was a fire in the street last night, but the firemen _______within twenty minutes.
A. took it out B. brought it out C. worked it out D. put it out
三、完形填空(共10小题,10分,每小题1分)
先通读下面短文,掌握大意,然后从每题的四个选项中选择可以相应空白处的最佳答案。
I have always been interested in clowns (小丑). The earliest thing I can remember, as a child of three, is seeing a pair of clowns ---one very fat, and the other very 36_. A traveling circus (马戏团) came to our town and my parents took me to see it. When we arrived at the circus, everyone was laughing at the clowns. I didn’t understand why they were laughing, _37 I laughed too.
While I was 38_, the fat clown came and sat down next to me. “Shall we dance?” he asked, then _39 me up and began dancing. I felt frightened and began to cry. _40 then I have been interested in clowns. They make me laugh a lot, although they still make me a bit 41 too.
In life, we sometimes laugh at things that 42 us. We often laugh most at people who make us nervous. When we laugh, we relax and 43 ourselves. People who never laugh can become worried and ill. Laughter is like medicine and a clown is like a 44_.
There have always been, and there will always be clowns, because people need to laugh. Laughter is the best kind of 45 in life.
36. A. happy B. thin C. kind D. lucky
37. A. and B. so C. or D. but
38. A. dancing B. eating C. laughing D. crying
39. A. picked B. threw C. hung D. pushed
40. A. Before B. Since C. By D. From
41. A. tired B. silly C. afraid D. sick
42. A. trouble B. surprise C. interest D. frighten
43. A. play B. love C. enjoy D. understand
44. A. doctor B. nurse C. friend D. teacher
45. A. dream B. medicine C. care D. color
四、阅读理解(共20小题,40分,每小题2分)
阅读下面5篇短文,然后根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
A
It was a great day for a picnic and a picnic was a great day to start the summer holiday. Fred brought his classmates John and Betty to a wonderful picnic place.
After lunch, John said they should play football. When the ball came to Fred, he locked it into some long grass. “I’ll get it.” he said and hurried off to find the ball. Moments later there was a shout and out came Fred holding his leg, “I’ve bitten by a snake!”
As the others rushed over to help. Fred began laughing. “Ha! I’m not really hurt.” But Betty didn’t laugh, “I can’t believe you did that, Fred. I was really frightened for you.”
The friends then decided to go for a swim. John and Betty jumped into the water. Fred was standing on a long rock by the riverbank and said, “Watch me jump.” They shouted excitedly as he went under the water, but as the seconds passed he didn’t come back to the top. The friends became worried. Suddenly they heard Fred’s laugh, “Won’t you ever learn? I swam behind this tree when I jumped.”
“Very funny, Fred?” said John angrily. “Anyway, I’m feeling tired and I’m going for a sleep.” Betty joined him.
Fred, however, moved to a narrow part of the river and jumped in. Although he was a good swimmer, the water there was moving much faster and Fred found himself dragged away. He managed to catch hold of a tree, but he was very tired now and with the water still moving very fast, couldn’t pull himself out.
Back at the picnic place, as Betty and John were preparing to sleep, they heard Fred’s cries for help, John looked at Betty and said, “Does he really think we’re so foolish? Wake me up in an hour. It’ll be time to go back home then.”
46. What happened when Fred went to get the football?
A. He was bitten by a snake. B. He fell and cut himself.
C. He
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