①若|x+3|-1=a,当x≥-3时,x+3-1=a,解得:x=a-2,a≥-1;当x<-3时,-x-3-1=a,解得:x=-a-4;a>-1;②若|x+3|-1=-a,当x≥-3时,x+3-1=-a,解得:x=-a-2,a≤1;当x<-3时,-x-3-1=-a,解得:x=a-4,a<1;又∵方程有三个解,∴可得:a=-1或1,而根据绝对值的非负性可得a≥0,故答案为:1.