dB,即带宽。一直没理解透dB这一概念,在模拟电路滤波器,及其自动控制理论中都涉及到这一概念。请指教!

2025-03-14 20:35:48
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

dB不是带宽,而是电子与通信学科中为了减少数值的一种表示方式,比如电压放大10亿倍,用dB表示,就只有180dB,比10亿后面的那N个零要简单得多,对于小的数字表示也比较方便,比如1亿分之一,用dB表示就是-160dB。
dB的计算方法有两种,电压、电流参数,用公式:X=20lgY计算,Y就是放大倍数,下同。如果是功率参数,则是X=10lgY。
你说的那个带宽,俗称是3dB带宽,确切的术语是通频带,它的定义是对于一个放大电路或者滤波器,当幅度(或者对放大器来说就是电压增益)下降为70.7%(-3dB,-3dB=20lgY,Y=0.707)的时候,所对应的带宽,这里有两个数据,上限频率FH和下限频率FL,他们的差值就是带宽BW=FH-FL。这个波形可以在频谱仪中看到,用示波器也可以进行间接测量。

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