老子的“无为”思想怎么理解?

2025-03-15 02:26:49
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

首先,从其思想产生的时代背景来看,是具有一定积极意义。由于春秋时期,各国争霸,为了争夺土地、财产和霸主地位,而让千百万百姓陷入民不聊生、无立锥之地的境地。这一切,在老子看来,就是“有为”的结果。因此,他主张“无为”,只有这样,才能还给老百姓安静、平稳的生活,而放弃对人民的残酷压榨。由此来看,“无为”是有进步意义的。但在另一层面,“无为”又有愚民、出世之嫌。比如他说“虚其心,实其腹”,“使夫智者不敢为”,的确为统治者提供了一个聪明的治民方法。给老百姓足够的食物填饱肚子,但却不准他们思考──“虚其心”,让他们毫无反抗精神,只做为统治者的顺民。对于统治者而言,这种“无为”是再有利不过,让他们像对待绵羊一样来管一群毫无反抗精神的“愚民”。因此,从这一意义上说,“无为”又是一种消极思想。对此,读者应全面分析,不要被某一方面的观点蒙蔽。

回答2:

是以圣人处无为之事。——《道德经.第二章》

。很多人一提到“无为”,就认为是消极思想。其实大错特错了,无为不是无所作为,而是不妄为,是顺应自然而为。作家杨大侠指出,无为到极致就是有为到极致。

回答3:

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