中国明代棉纺织发展特点

2025-03-15 03:53:12
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

出现手工工场,资本主义萌芽
棉纺织技术普及,发展迅速,逐渐取代麻布作为平民阶层的普遍衣料

回答2:

私营纺织作坊兴起

回答3:

明代是中国手工棉纺织业最兴盛的时期。当时棉布已十分普及,中国衣着原料舍丝麻而取给于棉。历年出土的明代棉织物十分丰富,其品种、规格则与元代相仿。可见长期以来棉布生产仍是沿习在脚踏斜织机上以双手投梭织成,故布幅均约尺余,未有改变。明代棉布产量较多,除自足之外尚可出口。
明清纺织品以江南三织造(江宁﹑苏州﹑杭州)生产的贡品技艺最高,其中各种花纹图案的妆花纱﹑妆花罗﹑妆花锦﹑妆花缎等富有特色。富于民族传统特色的蜀锦﹑宋锦﹑织金锦和妆花(云锦)锦合称为“四大名锦”。1958年北京明定陵出土织锦165卷,袍服衣着200余件。第一次发现了单面绒和双面绒的实物,其中一块绒的经纬密度为64根/厘米和36根/厘米,丝绒毛的高度为 0.2毫米。棉织品生产已遍及全国各地。明代末年,仅官府需要的棉布即在1500万匹至2000万匹。精湛华贵的丝织品,通过陆上和海上丝绸之路远销亚欧各国。

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