2)比较级的用法
①双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级十 than”的结构表示.例如:
This pen is better than that one.
②表示一方不及另一方时,用“ less十原级十 than”的结构表示.例如:
This room is less beautiful than that one.
③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较前加表示程度的状语,如:even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far,yet,by far等修饰.例如:
He works even harder than before.
注意:英语的比较级前如无 even,still,或 yet等时,译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”或不译出,一般不可用“更”,如:
She is better than she was yesterday.她比昨天好些了.
Please come earlier tomorrow. 请明天早点来. 注意:by far通常用于强调最高级.用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面,如
在前面,应在二者中间加“ the”.如
He is taller by far than his brother.
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时,用“ the 十比较级(主语十谓语),the 十比
较级(主语十谓语)”的结构.例如:
The harder he works,the happier he feels.
⑤不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级十 and十比较级”的结构.例如:
The weather is getting colder and colder.
The girl becomes more and more beautiful.
⑥某些以一 or结尾的形容词进行比较时,用 to代替 than.(这些词有inferior,superior,junior,senior,prior等.例如:
He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics.
⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复,我们通常用 that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。 that指物,one既可指人,也可指物.that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词.例如:
The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.
A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood.
⑧表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
A) A is three(four,ete) times the size(height,length,width,ete) of B.
例如;
The new building is four times the size( the height) of the old one.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍]).
B) A is three(four,etc) times as big(high,long,wide,etc.) as B.例如:
Asia is four times as lareg as Europe,亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍.)
C) A is three(four,etc.) times bigger ( higher,longer,wider,etc.) than B.例如:
Your school is three times bigger than ours,你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍.(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大.)
用 times表示倍数,一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数.表示两倍可以用 twice或 double
3)最高级的用法
①三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“ the十最高级”的结构表示.这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语.例如:
Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.