具有梅花的精神的名人

2025-04-05 13:54:57
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

先秦两代:管 仲 (?~前645) 名夷吾,字仲,谥敬仲。颍上县北管谷村人。春秋时杰出政治家。 出身贫寒,早年与鲍叔牙游,合伙经商,因母老家贫,常受鲍叔牙资助,成为挚交。齐襄公乱政时,助公子纠与公子小自争位,失败后,经鲍叔牙推荐,被齐恒公任为上卿,尊称“仲父”。治齐40年,对内政、经济、军事进行全面改革,制订一系列富国强兵方略。提出“仓 实则知礼节,衣食足则知荣辱”,把礼、义、廉、耻看作国之四维,以为“四维不张,国乃灭亡”(《管子·牧民》)。特许于庶民中选拔人材,破格提升,重视奖勤罚惰。并合理划分行政区域,将行政组织同军事编制相结合,统一军政领导,增强国防力量。从此,国力大振。对外以“尊王攘夷”相号召,“九合诸候,以匡天下”,使齐桓公成为春秋时第一个霸主。著有《管子》一书,共86篇,今存76篇。

庄 子 (约前369~前286) 名周,字子休。战国时蒙(今属蒙城,一说河南商丘和山东曹县)人。著名哲学家、文学家。和梁惠王、齐宣王山时,与惠施是朋友。尝为蒙漆园吏, 后弃官隐居,编织草鞋、濮垂钓,曾借贷于监河候。楚威王厚礼延请,许其为相,庄嘲而不纳,“终身不仕”。妻死,鼓贫而歌。庄子为继老子以后道家学派代表人物。其哲学思想对玄学、佛学、理学影响极大。所著文章,尤其是寓言,内容丰富,气势磅礴,笔锋犀利,寓意深刻,具有浓厚的浪漫主义色彩。唐玄宗赐号为“南华真人”,著作《庄子》亦称《南华真经》,计52篇,现存33篇(内篇7,外篇15,杂篇11)。内篇集中代表庄周思想;外篇、杂 篇则是以后庄子学派言论汇编。《史记》有传,蒙城有庄子祠,苏轼为之记。

甘 罗 战国末期下蔡(今属颍上县甘罗乡)人。秦左丞相甘茂之孙。12岁为秦相吕不韦家臣。秦使张唐去燕国为相,唐因曾为秦昭王讨伐赵国,恐路讨赵国时赵王挟恨报复。吕不韦亲请张唐,仍不肯出使。甘罗别出奇讨,先以利害说服张唐,又逢愿为秦为大使赴赵,说服赵王,先割五城与秦,以广河间,再联秦攻燕,取得上谷(今河北怀来东南)30城,献11城给秦。由于是甘罗深受嘉许,封为上卿。死后葬于颍上城东35华里的颍水河畔,今穆岗子南侧。

陈 胜(?~前208) 字涉。阳城(今属固镇县人,一说河南登封东南)人。雇农出身。 秦二世元年(前209)被征屯戍渔阳(今北京密去西南),因洪水误期,按秦律当斩。遂与吴广在蕲县大泽乡(今宿县东南刘村集)发动同行戍卒九百人起义。各地纷纷响应,队伍发展至数万人,并在陈县(今河南淮阳)建立张楚政权,陈胜被推为王。旋派兵攻取赵、魏之地,又派周文率主力军进攻关中。后周文战败,秦将章邯以优势兵力反扑,围攻陈县。陈胜率军反击 ,失利退下城父(今涡阳东南),为叛徒庄贾杀害。

范 增(前277~前204) 西汉居巢(今巢湖市人,一说桐城)人。好奇计。秦末劝项梁立楚王后裔为怀王。秦军围巨鹿,楚怀王派宋义、项羽等救赵,为末将。后为项羽重要谋士, 辅佐项羽称霸诸候,被尊为“亚父”。封历阳候。屡劝项羽早除隐患,父掉刘邦,曾设“鸿门宴”,计不为项羽所用。后项羽中刘邦的反间计,疑增,削其权力,遂愤而离去,途中背发且疽病,至彭城而卒。今巢湖市有“亚父山”。

英 布(?~前195) 秦时六县(今六安县)人。少受黥刑,又称黥布。初为骊山役徒,修筑秦始皇陵墓。秦末率骊山刑徒起义,响应陈胜、吴广。寻归附项梁,从项籍救赵,渡河击秦军,获巨鹿大捷。常为军中先锋,威震一时。秦亡后,项羽封其为九江王,都六(今六安 县城北)。楚汉战争中归汉,以淮南之众与韩信、彭越会师,灭项羽于垓下。封淮南王。汉 高祖十一年(前196),因韩信、彭越相继被杀,遂举兵反汉,战败逃亡江西,为长沙王吴臣诱杀。

张 良(?~前189) 字子房。秦城父(今属亳州市)人。其祖为韩贵族。秦灭韩后,结交刺客,在博浪沙谋刺秦始皇未遂。后更改姓名,隐于下邳,遇黄石公,得《太公兵法》。 前208前,聚众归刘邦,不久游说项梁立韩贵族成韩王,良任司徒。韩王为项羽所父,复杂刘邦,为刘重要谋士。刘邦率军人咸阳,留恋宫廷生活,良与樊哙力劝刘邦封闭宫室府库, 还军霸上。楚汉战争时,提出不立六国后代,联合英布、彭城、笼络韩信等策略,并主张追击项羽,彻底消灭楚军,皆为刘邦所采纳。曾与韩信整理编次春秋战国以来各家军事著作。 汉朝建立,封留候。

回答2:

江姐。

回答3:

刘瑶

回答4:

鲁迅。。。。

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