标定HCl时,为什么不用酚酞指示剂

2025-03-14 22:45:40
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

甲基橙遇酸变红,遇碱变黄,滴定到终点时变成橙色。不过标定盐酸时,用碳酸钠做基准物质,但用的指示剂一般是
甲基红—溴甲酚绿
做指示剂,这个现象比较好观察,滴定到玫瑰红的时候应该进行加热煮沸,赶出二氧化碳,冷却,然后接着滴定,你们用甲基橙,应该方法相似吧,肯定是滴定到橙色再加热煮沸,然后再接着滴定吧,用甲基橙就是用来指示滴定终点的。
根据酸碱质子理论,碳酸钠是碱,甲基橙在碱性条件下
是黄色,用盐酸滴定时,溶液逐渐由碱性过度到酸性,颜色由黄色过度到红色,而人眼对红色比敏感,易于观察。
2、甲基橙的变色范围在3.1~4.4,在反应突越范围之内
碳酸钠以及碳酸氢钠是一个会水解的盐,酚酞的变色区域应该貌似在ph=8-10左右,也就是碱性的时候酚酞就变色了,甲基橙的变色区域大概为3.1,总之就是在酸性时候变色。
根据反应方程:na2co3+hcl=nahco3+nacl,由于nahco3的水解能力比na2co3弱,ph值逐步向酸性移动,但如果刚刚移到8,这时,酚酞变色了,但实际上反应没有结束。而这个滴定所需要的反应是:na2co3+2hcl=2nacl+co2+h2o,滴定的最终溶液是呈酸性的。所以只能用在酸性时候变色的指示计即甲基橙或红。

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