推荐回答(4个)
磷酸二氢钾在盆栽花卉中施用的方法:
在培育花种时候可以按照比例,比如每100公斤花种用200克磷酸二氢钾,加入50公斤水,浸泡12到16个小时,然后捞出放在阴处阴干,这样可以促进种子萌发,也可以让长出的植物更加茁壮。
在花卉的生长期配置含量为0.3%的磷酸二氢钾溶液喷洒花卉叶面,可以让长出的花朵颜色更加艳丽花朵也更大,而且叶大枝壮。
在移植花木前夕,将要移植的土地每亩用磷酸二氢钾0.4至0.5公斤,与干细土拌匀,再加上水调成浆状,在移栽时蘸根栽插,这样移植的植株生长扎根也会更快,长出的植株也更茁壮。
用磷酸二氢钾的水溶液浇灌或叶面喷洒。这样做,有以下几点作用:
一、增强盆栽花卉的抗逆性。由于盆栽花卉土壤养分容量少,在夏秋高温低湿季节,每天早晚要大量浇水才能防止干枯,但浇水量过大和浇水过勤,会导致盆中的养分流失,以致出现多种生长不良状况。如果每星期浇一次浓度为0.2%的磷酸二氢钾水溶液,既可减少浇水量,防止养分流失,又可增强花卉的抗逆性。三色董、矮牵牛、金盏菊等晚秋上盆的花卉,每星期在叶面喷洒一次,具有明显的抗寒性;凤仙花、夏堇、百日菊等夏秋花卉,每星期浇灌一次,能增强其抗旱性;金边瑞香、山茶、米兰等木本花卉,采取根灌及叶面喷洒结合,可防炭疽、烟煤病及根霉病的感染。
二、能使盆栽花矮壮化。盆栽花卉要求生长高度和花盆的大小相适,干茎不宜生长过高,以免影响在阳台上的摆设。大理花(大丽花)、蜀葵、一品红等高茎干的花卉,常用磷酸二氢钾浇灌,能使茎干矮而健壮,花朵也大得多;美女樱、石竹类,用同样的方法,“不仅茎干生长粗壮,而且不会倒伏;桂竹香及高干形的鸡冠花,用根浇和叶面喷洒相结合的办法,既能使株形矮化,又可减少叶面生长和使花形大而奇特。
三、延长盛花期
用磷酸二氢钾的水溶液浇灌或叶面喷洒。这样做,有以下几点作用:
一、增强盆栽花卉的抗逆性。由于盆栽花卉土壤养分容量少,在夏秋高温低湿季节,每天早晚要大量浇水才能防止干枯,但浇水量过大和浇水过勤,会导致盆中的养分流失,以致出现多种生长不良状况。如果每星期浇一次浓度为0.2%的磷酸二氢钾水溶液,既可减少浇水量,防止养分流失,又可增强花卉的抗逆性。三色董、矮牵牛、金盏菊等晚秋上盆的花卉,每星期在叶面喷洒一次,具有明显的抗寒性;凤仙花、夏堇、百日菊等夏秋花卉,每星期浇灌一次,能增强其抗旱性;金边瑞香、山茶、米兰等木本花卉,采取根灌及叶面喷洒结合,可防炭疽、烟煤病及根霉病的感染。
二、能使盆栽花矮壮化。盆栽花卉要求生长高度和花盆的大小相适,干茎不宜生长过高,以免影响在阳台上的摆设。大理花(大丽花)、蜀葵、一品红等高茎干的花卉,常用磷酸二氢钾浇灌,能使茎干矮而健壮,花朵也大得多;美女樱、石竹类,用同样的方法,“不仅茎干生长粗壮,而且不会倒伏;桂竹香及高干形的鸡冠花,用根浇和叶面喷洒相结合的办法,既能使株形矮化,又可减少叶面生长和使花形大而奇特。
三、延长盛花期。盆栽花卉的盛花期较短,多数是因花盆中土壤养分容量少,缺乏钾、磷等微量元素所致,尤其是对钾肥反应灵敏的花卉,会因缺钾出现茎干脆弱、花蕾少、花朵易凋谢和不甚鲜艳等症状。其对策是在花卉幼苗上盆时用磷酸二氢钾溶液灌透花盆,以后每半个月叶面喷洒一次。照这种办法,三色堇、矮牵牛等在10月上盆,11月便会开花,从翌年2至5月都是盛花期;扶桑、米兰、白兰花、山茶等,在花蕾形成时,喷洒磷酸二氢钾,可使花朵鲜艳期延长5至7天;吉祥草、万年青、大叶景天等观叶植物,浇过3至4次磷酸二氢钾,也会使花茎粗壮突出,有花叶并茂的观赏价值。
磷酸二氢钾的水溶液配制,浇灌以0.2%的浓度为宜。叶面喷洒则要根据花卉的生长阶段而定:幼苗期以0.1%,花梗形成期以0.2%为宜。作基肥的浓度是0.5%,把盆泥拌湿润即可。如果花盆中基肥下得足,用鸡粪、堆沤的草木灰掺拌盆泥,这种盆泥不会缺钾;如果不因浇水过多而流失养分,就不须浇灌或者少浇磷酸二氢钾。
磷酸二氢钾只能作为花卉补充的营养元素,必须在其它肥分足的情况下施用,才会有显著的效果。
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