推荐回答(3个)
1、家庭背景不良。多动症儿童的父母一般受教育程度较低,社会经济层次较低,不会教育孩子,不讲文明或简单粗暴,促成多动症的发生。
2、神经心理学因素。可能是由于中枢神经系统成熟延迟或是由于大脑皮质的觉醒不足引起精神发育受损或成熟延迟。这也属于引起多动症的原因。
3、脑神经递质数量不足。如去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺等脑内神经递质浓度降低,削弱了中枢神经系统的抑制活动,使孩子动作增多。因此,多动症儿童首先必须考虑药物治疗。非母乳喂养的儿童,父母尤其应该注意这一多动症的病因。
4、轻微脑组织损害。由于脑神经递质数量不足,神经递质传递信息失调所致的多动症的病因。如妊娠时病毒感染服药、围产期缺氧、母孕期的影响、新生儿窒息、产伤、脑缺氧、脑损伤、剖腹产、早产、过期产、钳产、生后感染以及外伤等。
5、多动症儿童在家庭中地位较低。据调查,在家庭中地位较低者,正常儿童仅占被调查对象的6%,而多动症儿童竟占37%。这是多动症形成的原因之一。
6、不当饮食。对食物产生变态反应(尤其食物中所含添加剂,人造色素,调味品,防腐剂)。
7、生物化学因素。经大量研究证实,多动症儿童中枢单胺类受体(一种神经介质,起通报大脑信息的作用,是与精神活动密切相关的化学物质)更新较慢;也有研究发现,维生素缺乏或某些食物添加剂或色素所致的代谢杂乱与儿童多动症行为有关。这也可作为多动症的原因。
8、缺铁。国外学者还注意到缺铁也是多动症的病因之一。铁具有输送和贮存氧的功能外,还参与线粒体的电子传递、儿茶酚胺代谢、核糖核酸(DNA)合成等生化过程;缺铁可使多巴胺受体功能障碍,出现易怒、不安、注意力不集中、多动等症状。
你好,多动症形成的原因有很多,脑组织器质性损害,心理因素,遗传因素,中毒,维生素缺乏、食物过敏、食品的调味剂或添加人工色素、家庭不和谐,不良的社会环境等可能使儿童容易产生多动症。希望这样可以帮助到你。
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