3)economic subsystem
economic subsystem is used to indicate the comprehensive level and abilities of the economic development. Economic development is the physical foundation of the resource-based cities' continous improvement, without it there's nonsense to discuss the social development, environment protection or resource development. GDP, a traditional comprehensive indicator for the level of economic development,is widely used to evaluate the economic activity so far although people come to realize the one-sidedness of this sole criterion for development. In addition, economic structure and viabilities should be adopted as the indispensable complement for the economic development level, as well as the proportion of alternative industrial added value and the third industrial output value to GDP. Besides, external economic linkage index should be added to fully reflect the global economic situation the resource-based cities are facing.
4)population subsystem
Industrial transition should highlight the principle "people-oriented", and aims foundamently at the all-round development of human-being. Further more, the non-renewable resources based on which the resource-based cities make their improvement will ultimately be exhausted, makes the consequense of industrial transition; compare with the capital,technical and market factors, the demographic factor is the key factor. The telents shortage along with the weak technical development capacity and low-level operating management which due to the telents shortage is the obstacle in the way of industrial transition. Therefore, economic index shouldn't be used as the only criterion to evaluate whether the transition should be taken, instead, a series of indicators which can reflect the level and quality of the modern city life as well as the population quality is needed. Since the indicators about population range over a wide field, here, we just adopt a part of important index which relate closely to industial transition.
Take TangShan as an example, we establish a system of evaluation for the industrial transition(depend on the reliability and accuracy of the data). The evaluation system is divided into three grades, one indicator for the first grades, four indicators for the second grades, 10 indicators for the third grades, and thirty-three indicators for the fourth grades.
2.2 Evaluaion of the industrial transition
The level of the industrial transition is evaluated according to RZI caculated from the assessing data. Refer to the grades of sustainable development, RZI is divided into 5 grades within[0,1].Difinition is following:
RZI=0.1~0.2 higher level of industrial transition;
RZI=0.2~0.4 high level of industrial transition;
RZI=0.4~0.6 moderate level of industrial transition;
RZI=0.6~0.8 low level of industrial transition;
RZI=0.8~1.0 lower level of industrial transition;
To evalutate the level of the industrial transition, the selected indicators should be divided into different grades according to its meaning, and every indicators must be given its weighting factor using AHP method. Then, compare the indicator value with the standard to determine its grades. At last, figure out the RZI of every subsystems to get the RZI of the whole system.
The value of RZI is determined by the value and the weighting factor of each subsystem's indicator. The lower the RZI is, the higher level the industrial transition is.Bi为资源型城市产业转型度子系统构成指标值,这里为资源、环境、经济、人口各子系统; 为相应的权重。(BI是从哪里来的?什么为相应的权重?没怎么看明白)
2.3 Case analysis
Take the data of TangShan in 1996 for example to evaluate the level of industrial transition. Firstly, calculate RZI according to the model mentioned above, the RZI of TangShan in 1996 is 0.48, similarly, the RZI of 1990-2003 is obtained. The datas involved derive from TangShan statistical yearbook or is calculated, and is in line with the practical situation.
1990-1991: TangShan's industrial transition is at a high level.
since1992: TangShan's industrial transition is beginning to reach a moderate level.
2000: TangShan got its low level.
The metrials aboves fully reflect that, due to the industrial transition for a rainy day at an early date, TangShan has successfully avoided the resource shortage-caused economic slowdown. TangShan is now at a low level of mining-relied, and belongs to a developed district. TangShan's per Capita GDP is 143,790,000 RMB. It is thus clear that it's a viable evaluation model built by the method of establishing a body of industry-transition evaluation systems and using AHP to analysis.
3 Conclusion
The industry-transition evaluation system, fomulated especially for the resource-based cities, has solved the problem-in which aspects should we study to evaluate the development degree of resource-based cities. Compare with the evaluation systems in other cities, it is a more reasonable system in favor of discovering the deeper roots and factors of the transition, applying the reference for seizing the right moment and taking a reasonable action.
这可不是小段哦,我无能为力。
你这是小段啊?