had been done是过去完成时的被动语态。
过去完成时由助动词had加上动词的过去分词构成。
过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或状态,如:
The game had already begun when we arrived at the stadium.
They had known each other for ten years when they got married.
Never had I spoken to a foreigner before I went to university.
She told me the story of the opera which she had seen before.
I lost the watch which my uncle had bought for me.
I didn’t know that the band had broken up.
过去完成时可以表示在过去的将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。
She made up her mind to go on trying until she had succeeded.
He said that the plane would take off as soon as it had stopped raining.
过去完成时表示的动作发生在过去的过去,但对过去产生某种影响或者结果。
He had eaten something before having dinner.
She felt better after she had taken a few days’ rest.