周易,纳甲的问题

2025-04-04 06:35:03
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

  的确是你错了。
  先天八卦图本来是个立体图,乾的位置不是上南下北的意思,表示的就是上、是天上、天空、太空,甲乙的确代表东方,而甲与乾只是在六爻下卦中的一个配合,并非代表乾和甲同在一个方位,其他的搭配也是这样。至于如何这样搭配,《参同契》有解——“ 纳甲之法,始于西汉的焦赣和京房。焦赣在《焦氏易林》、京房在《京氏易传》中均有论述。尤其京房为完善其筮占体例,结合八宫卦序和卦气,以六位阴阳五行立说,将纳甲法推向极致。所谓纳甲,即将十干纳入八宫六十四卦,与卦多相配,十干以甲为首,举甲以该十日,故谓之纳甲。京房云:“分天地乾坤之象,益之以甲乙壬癸,震巽之象配庚辛,坎离之象配戊己,艮兑之象配丙丁。”(《京氏易传》卷下)魏伯阳的“月体纳甲学”不以京房的六爻之卦配天干,而以三爻画的八经卦配天干,用以模拟一月之内月体的盈虚变化。为了模拟方便,魏氏将一月三十日分作六节,每节五天,然后分别取与八经卦的卦象相应者象之。《参同契》云:“月节有五六,经纬奉日使。”“三日出为爽,震受庚西方。八日兑受丁,上弦平如绳。十五乾体就,盛满甲东方。蟾蜍与兔魄,日月气双明,蟾蜍视卦节,兔者吐生光。七八道已讫,屈折低下降。十六转受统,巽辛见平明。艮直于丙南,下弦二十三。坤乙三十日,东方丧其明。节尽相禅与,继体复生龙。壬癸配甲乙,乾坤括始终。七八数十五,九六亦相当,四者合三十,易象索灭藏。”(上篇)
  魏伯阳以《周易》八卦模拟月体在太空运行过程中一月之内所出现的晦朔弦望之盈虚变化,而以其出没方位作为纳甲的依据。“三日出为爽,震受庚西方。”初三日为首节之中,一轮新月于黄昏时见于西方,震一阳初生于二阴之下,其象有似于初三日之月体,西方配庚辛,震为阳卦,故纳庚于西方。
  “八日兑受丁,上弦平如绳。”初八日为第二节之中,为上弦月,见于南方,兑二阳一阴有似于八日之月体,南方配丙丁,兑为阴卦,故纳丁于南方。
  “十五乾体就,盛满甲东方。”十五日为第三节之终,满月黄昏见于东方,乾三爻皆为阳爻,有似于圆月之象,东方配甲乙,故乾纳甲于东方。又因十五日早晨月未西沉日已东升,晚上日未西落月已东出,呈现为日月相望之势亦称“双明”,所谓“蟾蜍与兔魄,日月气双明”。“蟾蜍本金气之精,故视卦节而渐旺,玉兔乃卯木之魄,故望太阳而吐光。七八者十五也,三五之道已终,则满者亏而伸者屈,高者低而升者降。”(陈显微《周易参同契解》卷上)
  “十六转受统,巽辛见平明。”十六日为第四节之始,月象由满盈转乍亏,晨现西方,巽一阴始生二阳之下,其象有似于十六日晨之月体,西方为庚辛,巽为阴卦,故纳辛于西方。
  “艮直于丙南,下弦二十三。”二十三日为第五节之中,为下弦月,晨见南方,艮二阴一阳,有似于二十三日之月体,南方为丙丁,艮为阳卦,故纳丙于南方。
  “坤乙三十日,东方丧其明。”三十日为晦,第六节之终,月灭于东方明尽丧,坤三爻皆为阴爻,有似于月灭之象,东方为甲乙,故坤纳乙于东方。
  “节尽相禅与,继体复生龙。”节尽谓六节数尽,即一月结束,则旧的一月让位于新的一月。《说卦》云:“震为龙。”“继体复生龙”,谓月象在下一月又由震开始新的六节循环。
  “壬癸配甲乙,乾坤括始终。”乾坤者,易之门户,阴阳之根本,八卦之父母,万物所以资始又所以资生者。甲乙为十干之始,壬癸为十干之终,乾纳甲壬,坤纳乙癸,故曰:“乾坤括始终”。这里,魏氏的月体纳甲为:乾坤纳甲乙,位于东方;艮兑纳丙丁,位于南方;震巽纳庚辛,位于西方;又离为日,坎为月,日月周行于六合之中,往来浮沉,升降上下,无方位而居中央,故坎属阳卦而纳戊,离属阴卦而纳己。
  “七八数十五,九六亦相当,四者合三十,易象索灭藏。”七为少阳,八为少阴,合而为十五;九为老阳,六为老阴,合之亦为十五。七八九六合之则为三十,正应一月之数。而至三十日月没之际,日月合璧,月体模拟之卦象索然灭藏矣。
  魏伯阳的月体纳甲学,是对炼丹火候的取象之喻,因此只能说明一月之内阴阳往来升降的大致情况,事实上一年四季昼夜有短长,夜短昼长和夜长昼短之月,月体的盈缩弦望其方位是不固定的。换言之,由于合朔有先后,则上下弦未必尽在八日及二十三日,望晦亦未必尽在十五日及三十日,盖魏氏乃取昼夜均平的二分之月即交春分的卯月和交秋分的酉月作为标准以取象而已。另外,并非每月都为三十天,实际上十二个朔望月比一回归年约少十一天,故需设闰月以调整。古人发现十九个年回归年与二百三十五个朔望月非常接近,因此于十九年中安排七个闰月以补不足。魏伯阳取年月的整数即年为三百六十天、月为三十天,以为金液还丹作论证而并非制历法,故不可拘泥。”......

回答2:

回答3:

这个迷惑我一直都弄不清楚,看不明白。实在是不懂,想了几个月了,看楼上说的我也想不通!

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