推荐回答（1个）
小腿抽筋的原因和解决办法
抽筋的学名叫肌肉痉挛，是一种肌肉自发的强直性收缩。发生在小腿和脚趾的肌肉痉挛最常见，发作时疼痛难忍，尤其是半夜抽筋时往往把人痛醒，有好长时间不能止痛，且影响睡眠。引起腿脚抽筋的常见原因大体有以下几种：
①外界环境的寒冷刺激，如冬季夜里室温较低，睡眠时盖的被子过薄或腿脚露到被外。②疲劳、睡眠、休息不足或休息过多导致局部酸性代谢产物堆积，均可引起肌肉痉挛。如走路或运动时间过长，使下肢过度疲劳或休息睡眠不足，都可使乳酸堆积；睡眠休息过多过长，血液循环减慢，使二氧化碳堆积等。③老年妇女雌激素下降，骨质疏松，都会使血钙水平过低，肌肉应激性增加，而常发生痉挛。④睡眠姿势不好，如长时间仰卧，使被子压在脚面，或长时间俯卧，使脚面抵在床铺上，迫使小腿某些肌肉长时间处于绝对放松状态，引起肌肉“被动挛缩”。小腿抽筋发作时该怎么办呢?根据不同的原因采取下列不同的对策，可以很快解除痉挛而止痛。当发生抽筋时，只要据“反其道而行之”，即朝其作用力相反的方向扳脚趾并坚持l～2分钟以上，即可收效。具体来说，如果是小腿后面的肌肉抽筋，可一方面扳脚使脚板翘起，一方面尽量伸直膝关节；当小腿前面的肌肉抽筋时，可压住脚板并用力扳屈脚趾。预防腿脚抽筋，平时应注意以下几点：
①驱寒保暖。②注意睡眠姿势。⑧走路或运动时间不可过长。④适当参加体育锻炼⑼
⑤必要时补充一些维生素e。⑥适当补钙，含乳酸和氨基酸的奶制品、瘦肉等食品，能促进钙盐溶解，帮助吸收。人们常见的腿抽筋其实是小腿肌肉痉挛，表现为小腿肌肉如腓肠肌突然变得很硬，疼痛难忍，可持续几秒到数十秒钟之久。
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