英中词根加前后辍改变意思、词性、时态……的规律有哪些?

2024-12-27 03:02:04
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

1. 名词后面加 ful 变形容词,如 color - colorful, beauty - beatiful
2. 形容词前加 un, in, im, ir, 变成反义词,如 able - unable, visible - invisible, possible - impossible, responsible - irresponsible
3. 动词后加 less,变成反义的形容词,如 use - useless, relent - relentless
4. 形容词后面加 ness 变名词,如 useful - usefulness, shy - shyness
5. 以 ble 结尾的形容词变名词,将 ble 变为 bility,如 able - ability, possible - possibility
6. 以 ent, ant 结尾的形容词变名词,将 ent/ant 变为 ence/ance,如 different - difference, tolerant - tolerance
7. 时态变化最基本的规律就是动词后加 ed,变成过去时;如果是单元音字母加单辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,末字母双写后加 ed。如 need - needed, work - worked, 双写的有 prefer - preferred。但过去时变化的例外情况很多,需要死记。
期待补充...

另:add - added 是动词的过去式或过去分词的变化,有的过去分词也有形容词的词性,如 added benefit 新增的好处
advice - advise 名词变动词没有规律可寻,是需要死记的